Setting up email on your iPhone is fairly simple. You can sync email account settings from iTunes (see the "Sync Email Account Settings" section in topic 3: "Sync Your iPhone with iTunes"), or you can set up email accounts directly on your iPhone. You do need a network connection to get email up and running.
A Network Connection Is Required
Mobile email is certainly all the rage today. You can view, read, and compose replies to emails already synced to your iPhone without a network connection; however, you will need to have network connectivity (either Wi-Fi or 3G/cellular) to send and/or receive email from your iPhone. Check out topic 5: "Wi-Fi and 3G Connectivity" to learn more. Also check out the "Reading the Top Connectivity Status Icons" section in the Quick Start Guide in Part 1.
TIP: If you are taking a trip, simply download all your email before you get on the airplane; this lets you read, reply, and compose your messages while offline. All emails will be sent after you land and re-establish your connection to the Internet.