US Consumer Price Index, 1913-2007
This table presents the annual change in the Consumer Price Index (CPI) since 1913. The CPI is used as an indicator of price changes in the goods and services purchased by US consumers. The information provided is based on the purchases of a specific group of urban consumers who serve as a sample population representing more than 80% of the total
| annual | % annual change | annuaL | ||
| year | cpi | in cpi | year | cpi |
| 1913 | 9.9 | 1921 | 17.9 | |
| 1914 | 10.0 | 1.0 | 1922 | 16.8 |
| 1915 | 10.1 | 1.0 | 1923 | 17.1 |
| 1916 | 10.9 | 7.9 | 1924 | 17.1 |
| 1917 | 12.8 | 17.4 | 1925 | 17.5 |
| 1918 | 15.1 | 18.0 | 1926 | 17.7 |
| 1919 | 17.3 | 14.6 | 1927 | 17.4 |
| 1920 | 20.0 | 15.6 | 1928 | 17.1 |
US population. Each annual CPI is compared with the average index level of 100, which is a base number that represents the average price level for the 36-month period covering the years 1982, 1983, and 1984. A minus sign indicates a decrease.
| % annual | % annual | ||
| change | annual | change | |
| in cpi | year | cpi | in cpi |
| -10.5 | 1929 | 17.1 | 0.0 |
| -6.1 | 1930 | 16.7 | -2.3 |
| 1.8 | 1931 | 15.2 | -9.0 |
| 0.0 | 1932 | 13.7 | -9.9 |
| 2.3 | 1933 | 13.0 | -5.1 |
| 1.1 | 1934 | 13.4 | 3.1 |
| -1.7 | 1935 | 13.7 | 2.2 |
| -1.7 | 1936 | 13.9 | 1.5 |
The information provided is based on the purchases of a specific group of urban consumers who serve as a sample population representing more than 80% of the total US population. Each annual CPI is compared with the average index level of 100, which is a base number that represents the average price level for the 36-month period covering the years 1982, 1983, and 1984. Source: US Bureau of Labor Statistics.
| % annual | % annual | % annual | ||||||
| annual | change | annual | change | annual | change | |||
| year | cpi | in cpi | year | cpi | in cpi | year | cpi | in cpi |
| 1937 | 14.4 | 3.6 | 1961 | 29.9 | 1.0 | 1985 | 107.6 | 3.6 |
| 1939 | 13.9 | -1.4 | 1962 | 30.2 | 1.0 | 1986 | 109.6 | 1.9 |
| 1938 | 14.1 | -2.1 | 1963 | 30.6 | 1.3 | 1987 | 113.6 | 3.6 |
| 1940 | 14.0 | 0.7 | 1964 | 31.0 | 1.3 | 1988 | 118.3 | 4.1 |
| 1941 | 14.7 | 5.0 | 1965 | 31.5 | 1.6 | 1989 | 124.0 | 4.8 |
| 1942 | 16.3 | 10.9 | 1966 | 32.4 | 2.9 | 1990 | 130.7 | 5.4 |
| 1943 | 17.3 | 6.1 | 1967 | 33.4 | 3.1 | 1991 | 136.2 | 4.2 |
| 1944 | 17.6 | 1.7 | 1968 | 34.8 | 4.2 | 1992 | 140.3 | 3.0 |
| 1945 | 18.0 | 2.3 | 1969 | 36.7 | 5.5 | 1993 | 144.5 | 3.0 |
| 1946 | 19.5 | 8.3 | 1970 | 38.8 | 5.7 | 1994 | 148.2 | 2.6 |
| 1947 | 22.3 | 14.4 | 1971 | 40.5 | 4.4 | 1995 | 152.4 | 2.8 |
| 1948 | 24.1 | 8.1 | 1972 | 41.8 | 3.2 | 1996 | 156.9 | 3.0 |
| 1949 | 23.8 | -1.2 | 1973 | 44.4 | 6.2 | 1997 | 160.5 | 2.3 |
| 1950 | 24.1 | 1.3 | 1974 | 49.3 | 11.0 | 1998 | 163.0 | 1.6 |
| 1951 | 26.0 | 7.9 | 1975 | 53.8 | 9.1 | 1999 | 166.6 | 2.2 |
| 1952 | 26.5 | 1.9 | 1976 | 56.9 | 5.8 | 2000 | 172.2 | 3.4 |
| 1953 | 26.7 | 0.8 | 1977 | 60.6 | 6.5 | 2001 | 177.1 | 2.8 |
| 1954 | 26.9 | 0.7 | 1978 | 65.2 | 7.6 | 2002 | 179.9 | 1.6 |
| 1955 | 26.8 | -0.4 | 1979 | 72.6 | 11.3 | 2003 | 184.0 | 2.3 |
| 1956 | 27.2 | 1.5 | 1980 | 82.4 | 13.5 | 2004 | 188.9 | 2.7 |
| 1957 | 28.1 | 3.3 | 1981 | 90.9 | 10.3 | 2005 | 195.3 | 3.4 |
| 1958 | 28.9 | 2.8 | 1982 | 96.5 | 6.2 | 2006 | 201.6 | 3.0 |
| 1959 | 29.1 | 0.7 | 1983 | 99.6 | 3.2 | 2007 | 207.3 | 2.8 |
| 1960 | 29.6 | 1.7 | 1984 | 103.9 | 4.3 |
US Consumer Price Indexes by Item Group, 1975-2007
| consumer price index | |||||||||
| item group | 1975 | 1980 | 1985 | 1990 | 1995 | 2000 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 |
| all items | 53.8 | 82.4 | 107.6 | 130.7 | 152.4 | 172.2 | 195.3 | 201.6 | 207.3 |
| commodities | 58.2 | 86.0 | 105.4 | 122.8 | 136.4 | 149.2 | 160.2 | 164.0 | 167.5 |
| energy | 42.1 | 86.0 | 101.6 | 102.1 | 105.2 | 124.6 | 177.1 | 196.9 | 207.7 |
| food | 59.8 | 86.8 | 105.6 | 132.4 | 148.4 | 167.8 | 190.7 | 195.2 | 202.9 |
| shelter | 48.8 | 81.0 | 109.8 | 140.0 | 165.7 | 193.4 | 224.4 | 232.1 | 240.6 |
| transportation | 50.1 | 83.1 | 106.4 | 120.5 | 139.1 | 153.3 | 173.9 | 180.9 | 184.7 |
| medical care | 47.5 | 74.9 | 113.5 | 162.8 | 220.5 | 260.8 | 323.2 | 336.2 | 351.1 |
| apparel | 72.5 | 90.9 | 105.0 | 124.1 | 132.0 | 129.6 | 119.5 | 119.5 | 119.0 |
| item group | 1975 | 1980 | 1985 | % 1990 |
change in 1995 | cpi1 2000 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 |
| all items | 9.1 | 13.5 | 3.6 | 5.4 | 2.8 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.2 | 2.8 |
| commodities | 8.8 | 12.3 | 2.1 | 5.2 | 1.9 | 3.3 | 3.6 | 2.4 | 2.1 |
| energy | 10.5 | 30.9 | 0.7 | 8.3 | 0.6 | 16.9 | 17.0 | 11.2 | 5.5 |
| food | 8.5 | 8.6 | 2.3 | 5.8 | 2.8 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 4.0 |
| shelter | 9.9 | 17.6 | 5.6 | 5.4 | 3.2 | 3.3 | 2.6 | 3.4 | 3.7 |
| transportation | 9.4 | 17.9 | 2.6 | 5.6 | 3.6 | 6.2 | 6.6 | 4.0 | 2.1 |
| medical care | 12.0 | 11.0 | 6.3 | 9.0 | 4.5 | 4.1 | 4.2 | 4.0 | 4.4 |
| apparel | 4.5 | 7.1 | 2.8 | 4.6 | -1.0 | -1.3 | -0.7 | 0.0 | -0.4 |
1Annual percent change from the preceding year.
Sample US Consumer Price Indexes by Region, 2006-2007
This table presents the regional annual averages of the CPI for 2007 and the percent change of those averages from 2006 to 2007. The information provided is based on the purchases of a specific group of urban consumers who serve as a sample population representing more than 80% of the total Us population. Each annual CPI is compared with the average index level of 100, which is a base number that represents the average price level for the 36-month period covering the years 1982, 1983, and 1984. A minus sign indicates a decrease in price from 2006.
In order to fund governmental operations, the Department of the Treasury borrows money by selling Treasury bills, US savings bonds, and other securities to the public. The money borrowed by the Treasury is referred to as the public debt. A broader measure of the federal debt is known as the gross federal debt. It consists of the public debt plus money borrowed by federal agencies. The GDP is the gross domestic product.
Sample US Consumer Price Indexes by Region, 2006-2007
| nor 2007 | rtheast % change | mi 2007 |
dwest % change | s 2007 |
outh % change | 1 2007 |
west % change |
|
| item group | cpi | from 2006 | cpi | from 2006 | cpi | from 2006 | cpi | from 2006 |
| all items | 220.5 | 2.6 | 198.1 | 2.7 | 200.4 | 2.9 | 212.2 | 3.2 |
| food | 207.2 | 4.1 | 195.9 | 3.7 | 200.7 | 3.8 | 208.3 | 4.2 |
| shelter | 279.2 | 3.4 | 221.3 | 2.3 | 214.0 | 4.1 | 247.6 | 4.4 |
| energy | 193.4 | 4.3 | 171.8 | 4.4 | 174.1 | 0.8 | 205.6 | 2.0 |
| apparel | 117.6 | -1.5 | 110.2 | 0.0 | 132.0 | -0.2 | 112.2 | 0.1 |
| transportation | 182.7 | 1.2 | 186.2 | 2.9 | 182.7 | 2.1 | 187.1 | 2.1 |
| medical care | 374.2 | 4.8 | 351.5 | 4.6 | 333.9 | 3.6 | 354.3 | 5.1 |
| commodities | 171.0 | 1.9 | 163.3 | 2.5 | 168.4 | 2.1 | 167.4 | 2.1 |
