Chemical transmission is the major mechanism of synaptic communication in the brain. To understand how neurotransmitters function, several issues must be addressed. These issues include how neurotransmitters are synthesized, released, removed from the synaptic cleft, and metabolized. In addition, it is important to identify the characteristics, anatomical loci, and functional properties of the receptors that […]
Individual Small Molecule Neurotransmitters In the following sections, important information regarding the synthesis, removal, distribution, and physiological and clinical significance is discussed for selected small molecule neurotransmitters. Acetylcholine Synthesis The following steps are involved in the synthesis and release of acetylcholine (Ach [Fig. 8-5]). 1. Glucose enters the nerve terminal by passive transport (facilitated diffusion). […]