Vascular Endothelium - Tissue Functioning and Remodeling in the Circulatory and Ventilatory Systems - page 505

Table 9.17. Endothelial cells are able to synthesize multiple growth factors (Source: [ 928 ]).
( Part 4 ) Guidance molecules and morphogens (DLL: Delta-like ligand; EDIL: EGF-like repeats
and discoidin-1-like domain-containing protein; EDIL3 is an integrin ligand and angiogenesis
mediator; sFRP: secreted Frizzled-related protein).

Type Receptors

Guidance molecules

Netrin-4 Ntn4R

Slit-2/3 Robo1/4

Semaphorin-3a/3b/3e-3g, Neuropilin-1/2 (semaphorin coreceptors)

semaphorin-4A/7A Plexin-A1/12/B1/B3/D1

Morphogens and remodelers
Sonic Hedgehog receptors

Notch-1-Notch-4 DLL1, Jag1/2

EDIL3

Wnt1-Wnt3, Wnt5a-Wnt5b, Wnt6, Frizzled-1-Frizzled-7

Wnt7a/8a, Wnt10a-Wnt10b, sFRP1-sFRP2

Wnt13a-Wnt13c, Wnt13 (Wnt2b),
Wnt14 (Wnt9a), Wnt15

Miscellaneous

Gliomedin Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor

Spondin-1 receptor

Neuritin Neuritin receptor

Endothelial cells synthesize, at least in certain circumstances, more or less spe-
cific microRNAs. 68 Among them, let7f, miR27b, and miR130a are pro-angiogenic,
whereas miR221 and miR222 preclude endothelial cell migration and proliferation,
and thus angiogenesis [ 933 ].
MicroRNA-210 is produced during hypoxia in endothelial cells to enhance
vascular tube formation as well as VEGF-caused migration of normoxic endothelial
cells. A group of hypoxia-regulated microRNAs is elicited by hypoxia-inducible
factor.
MicroRNA-130a that is produced at low levels in quiescent endothelial cells
is upregulated during angiogenesis. It impedes the functioning of anti-angiogenic
homeodomain-containing Gax 69 and HoxA5 proteins.

68 Endothelial microRNAs encompass miR16, miR17, miR21, miR22, miR23a, miR27b, miR29,
miR31, miR100, miR103, miR106, miR107, miR126, miR130a, miR181a, miR-210, miR221,
miR222, miR320, let7b and let7f.
69 Growth arrest homeobox gene product GAx prevents endothelial cell proliferation and migration,
as well as vascular tube formation.