Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
case.study.represents.an.unrealistic.template.for.best.restoration.practice.
on.brownield.land.
HabitatCreationonBrownfieldLand
Natural.regeneration.is.a.valid.and.viable.alternative.to.conventional.habi-
tat. creation. practices;. the. potential. exists. for. a. high. diversity. of. habitats.
and. plant. species. to. become. established. virtually. anywhere. on. almost.
any. substrate,. including. former. agricultural. land. and. industrial. land.
(Garbutt.and.Wolters.2008)..Crook.(2008).argued.that.a.great.deal.of.time,.
money,. and. effort. is. wasted. in. habitat. creation. in. development. schemes.
and.environmental.projects,.with.many.projects.having.limited.success.or.
failing.totally.due.to.poor.planning.and.design,.overambition,.or.neglect..
Instead,. many. sites. revert. to. the. vegetation. that. would. have. developed.
naturally.had.nothing.been.done.in.the.irst.place..He.recorded.48.species.
of. less-common. vascular. plants. and. 34. NVC. (UK. National. Vegetation.
Classiication). plant. communities. recorded. on. derelict. or. unmanaged.
land.in.the.United.Kingdom.during.a.ive-year.period..These.plants.were.
mostly. associated. with. long-established. semi-natural. habitat,. yet. had.
arisen. by. mostly. natural. means. without. any. land. preparation,. manage-
ment,. or. control. of. invasive. species.. Crook. (2008). argues. that. Habitat.
Priming. or. Precursive. Habitat. Creation. is. likely. to. be. the. most. effective.
restoration.option.for.habitat.creation:.this.involves.sparsely.seeding.the.
site.with.a.low.diversity.of.suitable.(i.e.,.non-aggressive/invasive).“nurse”.
species.together.with.wide-spaced.tree.and.shrub.planting,.and.then.sim-
ply.allowing.natural.regeneration.
Conclusions
Risk. management. relies. on. avoiding. a. linkage. or. pathway. to. receptors,.
largely.referring.to.direct.or.indirect.transfer.to.humans..This.chapter.has.
questioned. whether. greening. of. polluted. urban. land. raises. or. lowers. the.
risk. of. contamination. (i.e.,. causing. harm).. Advances. in. scientiic. research.
have.provided.an.understanding.of.the.impacts.of.elevated.inorganic.pol-
lutants. in. soils.. We. now. largely. understand. the. physicochemical. condi-
tions. that. determine. bioavailability. and. mobility. of. metals. and. As,. even.
though. this. is. frequently. dificult. to. express. in. terms. of. single. measures.
of. bioavailability.. This. has. meant. that. risk. assessment. is. still. entwined.
with. total. concentrations. of. metals. and. arsenic,. and. worst-case. scenarios.
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