Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
attachment of hepatocytes on the galactosylated SF-coated dishes
showedaboutaneightfoldincreasecomparedwiththatonuncoated
dishes due to the specific interaction between galactose and ASGPR
on the hepatocytes.
21.4 Surface Modification of Biomaterials
The surface modification of biomaterials with specific ligands is
a simple way to make biomimetic scaffolds, although bulk prop-
erties dictate the mechanical properties of the ECM. Yoon
et al
.
30
introduced a galactose group into biodegradable poly(D,L-lactic-co-
glycolic acid) (PLGA) films. The attachment as well as the viabil-
ity of hepatocytes to the galactose-modified PLGA increased with
increasing galactose concentrations on the surface, and the albu-
min secretion rate from the hepatocytes was enhanced. Ying
et al
.
31
immobilized galactose ligands on acrylic acid graft-copolymerized
poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) film by plasma pretreatment.
The hepatocytes cultured on the galactosylated surface exhibited
good attachment and promoted spheroid formation of the attached
cells. Also, the albumin and urea synthesis of hepatocytes cul-
tured on the galactosylated surface was higher than that on the
collagen-modified PET substrates. Kang
et al
.
32
similarly grafted
lactose-carrying styrene to the PS dishes using plasma glow dis-
charge. Yin
et al
.
33
used a silica surface to couple galactose ligands
and to get the actual contact mechanics and adhesion strength of
hepatocytes during two-dimensional cell spreading. Higashiyama
et
al
.
34
coupledmixedligandscomposedoffructoseandgalactoseonto
the PS culture plate. The suppression of apoptosis and necrosis was
observedinhepatocytespheroidsculturedonthemodifiedsurfaces.
21.5 Criteria to Design Biomimetic Scaffolds
for Liver Tissue Engineering
21.5.1
Topology of the ECM
Topology of the ECM is an important modulator to affect cell
morphology, function, and physiological responsiveness because
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