Structural Determinants of Arrestin Functions - Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science - page 84

92. Wilden U, Kuhn H. Light-dependent phosphorylation of rhodopsin: number of phos-
phorylation sites. Biochemistry . 1982;21:3014 - 3022.
93. Bouvier M, Hausdorff WP, De Blasi A, et al. Removal of phosphorylation sites from
the beta 2-adrenergic receptor delays onset of agonist-promoted desensitization.
Nature . 1988;333:370 - 373.
94. Fredericks ZL, Pitcher JA, Lefkowitz RJ. Identification of the G protein-coupled
receptor kinase phosphorylation sites in the human beta2-adrenergic receptor. J Biol
Chem . 1996;271:13796 - 13803.
95. Hausdorff WP, Bouvier M, O'Dowd BF, Irons GP, Caron MG, Lefkowitz RJ. Phos-
phorylation sites on two domains of the beta 2-adrenergic receptor are involved in
distinct pathways of receptor desensitization. J Biol Chem . 1989;264:12657 - 12665.
96. Krasel C, Zabel U, Lorenz K, Reiner S, Al-Sabah S, Lohse MJ. Dual role of the beta2-
adrenergic receptor C terminus for the binding of beta-arrestin and receptor internal-
ization. J Biol Chem . 2008;283:31840 - 31848.
97. Seibold A, January BG, Friedman J, Hipkin RW, Clark RB. Desensitization of beta2-
adrenergic receptors with mutations of the proposed G protein-coupled receptor kinase
phosphorylation sites. J Biol Chem . 1998;273:7637- 7642.
98. Seibold A, Williams B, Huang ZF, et al. Localization of the sites mediating desensiti-
zation of the beta(2)-adrenergic receptor by the GRK pathway. Mol Pharmacol .
2000;58:1162- 1173.
99. Trester-Zedlitz M, Burlingame A, Kobilka B, von Zastrow M. Mass spectrometric
analysis of agonist effects on posttranslational modifications of the beta-2 adrenoceptor
in mammalian cells. Biochemistry . 2005;44:6133 - 6143.
100. Vaughan DJ, Millman EE, Godines V, et al. Role of the G protein-coupled receptor
kinase site serine cluster in beta2-adrenergic receptor internalization, desensitization,
and beta-arrestin translocation. J Biol Chem . 2006;281:7684 - 7692.
101. Lee KB, Ptasienski JA, Pals-Rylaarsdam R, Gurevich VV, Hosey MM. Arrestin bind-
ing to the M(2) muscarinic acetylcholine receptor is precluded by an inhibitory element
in the third intracellular loop of the receptor. J Biol Chem . 2000;275:9284- 9289.
102. Pals-RylaarsdamR, Hosey MM. Two homologous phosphorylation domains differen-
tially contribute to desensitization and internalization of the m2 muscarinic acetylcho-
line receptor. J Biol Chem . 1997;272:14152 - 14158.
103. Pals-Rylaarsdam R, Gurevich VV, Lee KB, Ptasienski J, Benovic JL, Hosey MM.
Internalization of the m2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor. Arrestin-independent
and -dependent pathways. J Biol Chem . 1997;272:23682- 23689.
104. Schleicher A, Kuhn H, Hofmann KP. Kinetics, binding constant, and activation energy
of the 48-kDa protein-rhodopsin complex by extra-metarhodopsin II. Biochemistry .
1989;28:1770- 1775.
105. Vishnivetskiy SA, Hirsch JA, Velez M-G, Gurevich YV, Gurevich VV. Transition of
arrestin into the active receptor-binding state requires an extended interdomain hinge.
J Biol Chem . 2002;277:43961 - 43968.
106. Kim M, Vishnivetskiy SA, Van Eps N, et al. ASBMB meeting, 2011; 750-759.
107. Fotiadis D, Jastrzebska B, Philippsen A, Muller DJ, Palczewski K, Engel A. Structure of
the rhodopsin dimer: a working model for G-protein-coupled receptors. Curr Opin
Struct Biol . 2006;16:252- 259.
108. Chen J, Makino CL, Peachey NS, Baylor DA, Simon MI. Mechanisms of rhodopsin
inactivation in vivo as revealed by a COOH-terminal truncation mutant. Science .
1995;267:374- 377.
109. Palczewski K, Pulvermuller A, Buczylko J, Hofmann KP. Phosphorylated rhodopsin
and heparin induce similar conformational changes in arrestin. J Biol Chem .

1991;266:18649 - 18654.