Long-Term Recovery from the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami Disaster - Post-Tsunami Hazard: Reconstruction and Restoration - page 3

inconvenience to fi shing businesses, and are inevitably victims of another tsunami.
Thus, as the recovery phase of the EJED is implemented, it is important to monitor
the history and damage of resettlement sites since the Meiji and Showa Disasters.
This paper discusses damages at the resettlement sites from the Meiji (1896) and
Showa (1933) Tsunami Disasters via a historical document review, a fi eld survey of
the resettlements after the EJED, and the recovery policies in the Meiji and Showa
resettlement sites.

1.2 Resettlement After the 1933 Showa Tsunami Disaster

This section explains about the recovery project after the 1933 Showa tsunami
disaster from the analysis of historical documents.

1.2.1 Recovery Plan from the 1933 Showa Tsunami Disaster

The 1933 Showa Tsunami Disaster killed 4,007 people, and destroyed 4,453
buildings in Miyagi and 4,932 housing units in Iwate. The national government
established a recovery plan that called for resettlements at 102 villages in the Miyagi
and Iwate Prefectures. The Department of Urban Planning, Ministry of Interior pub-
lished a report about recovery (Department of Urban Planning, Ministry of Interior
1934 ), which included two types of recovery plans: one for urban areas and one for
fi shing and farming villages (Table 1.1 ). The recovery plan for urban areas consisted
of (1) location, (2) roads network, and (3) tsunami protection, whereas that for fi sh-
ing and farming villages consisted of (1) location, (2) resettlement site, (3) road
network, and (4) tsunami protection.
The EJED recover plan is very similar to the 1933 Showa Tsunami Disaster
recovery plan. One difference is the sea wall in the EJED is intended to prevent a
level 1 tsunami in the future, whereas the Showa recovery used resettlements to
higher ground as a disaster reduction tool. Figure 1.2 shows example drawings of
resettlement sites.

1.2.2 Implementation of a Recovery Plan

Municipality governments implemented the 1933 Showa Tsunami Disaster
Recovery Plan. The two major projects were (1) road recovery projects and (2)
construction of resettlement sites. The total cost of these projects amounted to JPY
675,879 (It will be JPY 479 million of 2012 currency, Bank of Japan 2014 ), which