Hardware Reference
In-Depth Information
Tabl e 4. 2
Interval-based vs. sectioning-based simulation of circuit from Fig.
4.2
Circuit
Fault-free
ADI
Value assumed in section
Œ0; R
D
ŒR
0
D
;R
C
ŒR
C
;R
E
ŒR
0
E
;R
C
ŒR
0
C
;R
E
line
value
(normalized)
R
0
C
; 1
c
1
0
0
0
0
1
R
0
D
; 1
d
1
0
1
1
1
1
Œ
0; R
E
e
0
1
1
1
0
0
R
0
E
; 1
f
1
0
0
0
1
1
R
0
C
; 1
v
1
0
0
0
0
1
0; R
0
E
w
0
1
1
1
0
0
0; R
0
E
[
R
0
C
; 1
1
z
1
1
1
0
1
belonging to the same RBF are collected and the ADI is constructed. This ADI is
equal to the interval which would have been determined by interval-based simu-
lation. C-ADI is obtained by aggregating the ADI at the outputs for multiple test
patterns.
As we have seen before, an RBF restricted to a section is equivalent to a mul-
tiple stuck-at fault if the FSIC is fixed (in case of sectioning-based simulation it
is implied by the simulated test pattern). Hence, interval propagation is essentially
replaced by a number of multiple stuck-at fault simulations. This allows the use of
efficient speed-up techniques for (multiple) stuck-at faults. Sectioning-based simu-
lation replaces Lines (6) and (7) of procedure
RBF FSIM
, leaving other parts of
the procedure largely unmodified.
4.3.3
SUPERB: Simulator Utilizing Parallel Evaluation
of Resistive Bridges
Known performance enhancements of stuck-at simulation include
parallel-pattern
single-fault processing
(PPSFP),
single-pattern, parallel-fault processing
(SPPFP),
deductive simulation
and
concurrent simulation
(
Abramovici
1990
). PPSFP and
SPPFP are widely used in practice. On a K-bit computer, up to K patterns (PPSFP)
or faults (SPPFP) are simulated in parallel, resulting in speed-ups of slightly be-
low K. SUPERB connects sectioning-based RBF simulation with a 64-bit parallel
multiple-stuck-at fault simulation engine which supports both PPSFP and SPPFP.
SUPERB calculates a
hash table
for each section of each RBF from the fault
list as a pre-processing step. The hash table contains equivalent multiple stuck-at
faults for each FSIC. For instance, the hash table for section [0, R
D
0
] of circuit from
ever the RBF restricted to section [0, R
D
0
] is simulated, the FSICs are evaluated and
the equivalent multiple stuck-at fault is looked up in the hash table. For instance, if
the FSIC is 0011, the equivalent fault is stuck-at 0 at line c and (simultaneously)
stuck-at 1 at line e.
