Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
10.3 Concluding Remarks About Global Humanity
Problems
The level of the anthropogenic impacts on the natural ecosystems has achieved
global scale. The main problem of the present humanity is the sustainable devel-
opment. The sustainable development refers to a mode of human development in
which resource use aims to meet human needs, while preserving the environment so
that these needs can be met not only in the present, but also for forthcoming
generations. The sustainable development ties together concerns for the carrying
capacity of natural systems with the social challenges faced by humanity. The
concept of the sustainable development has in the past most often been broken out
into three components: the environmental sustainability, the economic sustain-
ability and the sociopolitical sustainability. More recently, it has been suggested
that a more consistent analytical breakdown is to distinguish four domains, notably:
the economic, the ecological, the political and the cultural sustainability. Unfor-
tunately, solidarity does not exist between scientists who are studying the global
environmental processes and other experts from economics, politics and other
humanities. Nevertheless, the solution of global problems arising in the nature-
society system evolution is possible only with the use of global ecoinformatics
methods some of which were discussed in this topic.
Undoubtedly, the global environmental problems derive from global environ-
mental causes and effects. All the human causes of the global environmental change
happen through a subset of proximate causes, which directly alter aspects of the
environment in ways that have global effects. Main attention of most people is
focused on the major economic problems. But the sustainable problems entail the
more complex idea of humanity development. Fundamental attention should be
paid to the nature evolution of which the principal aspect is the survivability of
human civilization. A variety of existing point of views complicates search of stable
strategies in the nature-society system management. Much has been written on this
subject and a large number of scenarios have been worked out. But, the present
trend of the interactions between human society and the environment remains
mainly hopeless.
It is evident that the perspective evolution of the nature-society system depends
on the coordinated strategies of practically all countries and the availability of the
effective technology for global modeling and monitoring. Essential aspect is the
proper de
nition of the sustainable development category. Chapin et al. (2004),
Kobayashi (2005) and Wijen et al. (2005), Krapivin et al. (2009c) consider four
categories of sustainability that refer to:
Nature: (1) biodiversity, (2) global warming, (3) cycle of resources, (4) water,
soil, and air, (5) ecological formation.
Economy: (1) energy, (2) resources productivity, (3) food, (4)
financial status,
(5) international cooperation.
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