Operational Diagnostics, Estimation of the Scale of Damage and Aftermath Reduction of the Stressful Natural Processes - New Ecoinformatics Tools in Environmental Science: Applications and Decision-making - page 772

It requires the development of extensive software for the computer search of the
optimal or sub-optimal management. The structure of the simulation system is
shown schematically in Fig. 9.27 . The most important part of the simulation system
is a unit of models of the object under study. This unit can include the duplicating
elements with different adequacy and, which is especially important, various
requirements for databases. The information retrieval system provides an agreement
of the database with the set of partial problem-oriented models and adjusts the
simulation model for the dialogue with the operator. The existing standard means of
many programming languages make it possible to realize these procedures in the
forms providing an accomplishment of a simulation experiment by the user without
certain skills and knowledge in the field of informatics.

The simulation systems of the Sea of Okhotsk, the Aral Sea and the Sea of Azov
can exemplify these simulation systems (Krapivin and Kondratyev 2002; Krapivin
and Phillips 2001a). In the

ciently small
compared with the climatic impact on the ecosystem. On the contrary, the Aral Sea is
subject to powerful anthropogenic forcings. In each case, in the synthesis of the
simulation system it is necessary to take it into account, to

first case the anthropogenic factor is suf

fill the database and the
base of knowledge with the needed reliable information. Following Gorstko (1979),
consider the case of modelling the ecosystem of the Sea of Azov and the related
problems. Its catchment basin covers the space 43 o

46 o E with an
areas of about 0.5 million km 2 and population 35 million people. The Azov basin
involves numerous anthropogenic forcings: developed agriculture with irrigation,
heavy and light industry, oil and coal extraction,

54 o N and 33 o - -

fishery, network of macadamized
roads and railways, food industry, recreation zones. The simulation model of the Sea
of Azov created by the Rostov scientists includes 150 components of its state divided
into 16 units (Table 9.20 ). The model database includes extensive information
obtained during many decades in the process of natural-scienti

c observations of the
Sea of Azov ecosystem. The components of the vector of the sea state are functions

Fig. 9.27 The simulation system ' s structure (Gorstko and Ougolnitsky 1990)