Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
(1) NDVI
—
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index is an index of plant
or photosynthetic activity, and is one of the most commonly used
vegetation indices.
(2) EVI
“
greenness
”
—
Enhanced Vegetation Index was speci
cally developed to:
•
be more sensitive to changes in areas having high biomass (a serious
shortcoming of NDVI),
•
reduce the in
fl
uence of atmospheric conditions on vegetation index values,
and
•
correct for canopy background signals.
EVI tends to be more sensitive to plant canopy differences like leaf area index
(LAI), canopy structure, and plant phenology and stress than does NDVI
which generally responds just to the amount of chlorophyll present.
(3) SAVI
—
Soil-adjusted Vegetation Index was developed as a modi
cation of the
NDVI to correct for the in
fl
uence of soil brightness when vegetative cover is
low
(4) MSAVI
ed Soil-adjusted Vegetation Index is soil adjusted vegetation
indices that seeks to address some of the limitation of NDVI when applied to
areas with a high degree of exposed soil surface.
(5) SATVI
—
Modi
—
cation of several
earlier vegetation indices that correlates with the amount of green and
senescent vegetation present on the ground.
(6) Microwave Vegetation Index (MVI) uses microwave readings from two dif-
ferent frequencies to determine the cover of vegetation. Each of these different
frequencies has the ability to penetrate vegetation canopyto a different degree,
and the relative different in re
Soil-adjusted Total Vegetation Index is a modi
ectance between these two can be interepreted
to give an index of vegetation cover.
(7) Normalized Burn Ratio (NBR) was de
fl
ned to highlight areas that have burned
and to index the severity of a burn using Landsat TM imagery.
(8) Biological Crust Index uses a unique feature of the phycobilin pigment found
in cyanobacterial soil crusts, resulting in a relatively higher re
fl
ectance in the
blue spectral region compared to soil without cyanobacteria.
(9) Burned Area Re
cation (BARC) is a method using remotely
sensed data to assess the severity of
fl
ectance Classi
fire damage to vegetated areas developed
by the US Forest Service and US Geological Survey.
Remote sensing methods widely penetrate to other areas. The fundamental task
that is subject of many studies consists in development and experimental validation
of the high-precision methods and algorithms for restoration of the time-spatial
distribution of the physical parameters of the atmosphere,
ionosphere and the
Earth
fields measured on some interface or curve in space
(radio hologram). Radio hologram can be registered using small satellite in space or
an airplane in the atmosphere. Application of the satellite radio holography for
global geophysical monitoring is justi
'
s surface using the radio
ed by existence of the space radio systems
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