Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
9.1.4.4 Other Diseases
As a result of their special properties, liposomes are widely studied for the
treatment of various diseases and for numerous vaccination applications. The
application includes steroid and nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugs, insulin for
diabetes, antiviral therapy, prostaglandins, antibiotics, and examples from many
other diseases. The liposomal administration routes being also varied ranges
from pulmonary, topical, and other parenteral routes. For the meaningful clinical
applications of liposomes in different curable and noncurable diseases, a lot
more basic research will have to be performed to end up in a promising approach
[
53
,
61
-
66
].
An aqueous formulation of liposome prepared by encapsulating lipophilic and
photosensitive Vitamin K1 (Vit K1) has been reported to be administered success-
fully on the skin by nebulization wherein Vit K1 accumulates in the dermis and
epidermis region of skin, enabling easy, efficient, and multiple administrations as
compared to conventional semisolid preparations [
67
]. Octyl methoxycinnamate
(OMC) liposomal nanosystem (liposome/OMC) was used successfully as a safe and
effective sunscreen formulation [
68
].
The chronic inflammatory human skin disease, acne is a must encountered
problems of the adolescent populations. Vesicular (liposomes and niosomes) has
an enormous opportunity as a novel, low dose, and effective treatment systems
in acne therapy [
52
]. Carrier-based delivery systems like liposomes, niosomes,
solid lipid nanoparticles have the potential in treatment of acne vulgaris with
simplified dosing regimen to improve treatment outcomes as large populations of
adolescents suffer at some point
in their
lifetime from this multifactorial
disease [
69
].
The P85-coated pluronic liposomes for the oral delivery of breviscapine, a
hydrophobic drug used for treating cardiovascular disease, prepared by the thin
film hydration technique effectively enhance the bioavailability of breviscapine,
increases encapsulation efficiency to more than 90 %, increased absorption and
in vitro drug release of breviscapine in Caco-2 cells. Thus, P85-modified liposomes
can be therapeutically used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases [
70
].
DexP used for first-line therapy for severe and potential life-threatening com-
plication of childhood systemic inflammatory disorders like macrophage activation
syndrome (MAS) is more potent than conventional free corticosteroids (methyl-
prednisolone) in effectively inhibiting inflammation in MAS patients to manage
their diseases [
55
].
The neurotrophic and neuroprotective effect of intranasal glial cell line-derived
neurotrophic factor (GDNF) in the intact substantia nigra (SN) dopamine neurons
were demonstrated using CLP as compared to Phosphate buffered saline (PBS)
liposomes in the unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) model of Parkinson
s
disease (PD). GDNF loaded CLP has the potential efficacy in the treatment for
PD [
71
].
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