Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
affected the emergence rate of wheat and clover-grass mixture and its further development.
A dense canopy of the undersown crop in 2008 resulted in a higher competitive abilities of
spring wheat which had suppressed the growth of most weeds. On the other hand, a sparse
stand of wheat in 2009, despite a good development of the undersown crop, resulted in weaker
competitive abilities against weeds. Weed infestation in conventional farming system, where
wheat was cultivated in pure sowing and herbicides were applied, was 4 times lower than in
organic system (Table 15, 16). Also the dry matter of weeds was 3.5 times lower than that in
organic farming. Cv. Vinjett showed statistically the lowest dry matter of weeds, while
Parabola was the most weed-infested variety (table 16).
Number of weeds (plants·m
-2
)
D
ry matter of weeds (g·m
-2
)
Cultivar (A)
Years (B)
Years (B)
2008
2009
2010
mean
2008
2009
2010
mean
Bombona
6
8.5
8
2.5
8
0.5
7
7.2
7
.7
3
6.0
3
2.3
2
5.3
Bryza
106.5
142.5
92.5
113.8
7.5
78.1
57.8
47.8
Nawra
6
6.5
1
01.5
1
43.0
1
03.7
9
.6
3
8.0
3
1.2
2
6.3
Parabola
7
7.5
8
4.5
7
9.0
8
0.3
7
.6
7
9.0
5
7.8
4
8.1
Raweta
92.5
102.5
70.0
88.3
7.4
47.2
30.3
28.3
Tybalt
6
2.5
1
58.0
9
5.5
1
05.3
7
.8
7
5.0
5
0.2
4
4.3
Vinjett
1
03.5
1
39.5
5
7.0
1
00.0
8
.3
4
9.0
3
5.6
3
1.0
Zadra
5
8.5
1
23.5
8
5.5
8
9.2
2
.5
6
1.0
3
7.3
3
3.6
Żura
7
3.0
9
8.5
7
7.0
8
2.8
7
.4
5
0.0
6
0.0
3
9.1
mean
78.8
114.8
86.7
93.4
7.3
57.0
43.6
36.0
HSD (α=0.05) for:
A
- 33.1, B - 14.6, interaction AB - 51.8
A
- ns*, B - 14.9, interaction AB - ns
* ns - non significant differences
Table 15.
Number and dry mater of weeds in spring wheat cultivated in organic system at dough stage
Number of weeds (plants·m
-2
)
Dry matter of weeds (g·m
-2
)
Cultivar (A)
Years (B)
Y
ears (B)
2
008
2
009
2
010
mean
2
008
2
009
2
010
mean
Bombona
4.0
11.0
29.0
14.7
0.3
4.9
17.5
7.6
Parabola
1
2.5
3
5.0
2
0.5
2
2.7
2
.1
3
4.9
2
6.5
2
1.2
Tybalt
1
3.0
3
2.5
4
7.5
3
1.0
1
.3
4
.4
2
0.9
8
.9
Vinjett
8
.5
3
5.5
1
7.0
2
0.3
1
.1
5
.4
7
.0
4
.5
Mean
9
.5
2
8.5
2
8.5
2
2.2
1
.2
1
2.4
1
8.0
1
0.5
HSD (α=0.05) for:
A - ns*, B - 18.1, interaction AB - ns
A - 16.2, B - 15.1, interaction AB - ns
* ns - non significant differences
Table 16.
Number and dry mater of weeds in spring wheat cultivated in conventional system at dough stage
