Electroanalysis with Carbon Paste–Based Electrodes, Sensors, and Detectors - Electroanalysis with Carbon Paste Electrodes - page 235

Pb 2+ C/PO.

(ZrP 2 O 7 -SG)

DPASV o.c..accum..(ion-exchange)

el..redn./anodic.reoxidn.

3.×.10 −9 -5.×.10 −6 .
M.(4.×.10 −10 .M;.
2.min)

Wastewater SG:.functionalized.silica.gel

interfs..study.with.Zn,.Cd,.
Sn, Tl

[1214]

Pb 2+ AB/PO.

(I − , in situ )

SWASV accum..via.spec..sorption

el..redn./anodic.reoxidn.

2.×.10 −8 -4.×.10 −6 .
M.(6.×.10 −9 .M;.
10.min)

Water.samples AB:.acetylene.black.(replacing.

here.graphite.powder);.addition.
of.I − .ion.further.enhances.the.
sensitivity

[115]

Cd 2+ ,.Pb 2+ C/SO.(+BiF,.

in situ )

SWASV accum..onto.Bi.via.Me a Bi b .alloy.

formation;.reoxidn.

(0.15.μg.L −1 .Cd.
0.10.μg.L −1 .Pb)

Model.solns. Studies.on.conc..relations.

among.Bi 3+ .and.Cd 2+ .+.Pb 2+ ;.
compared.with.BiF-AuE;.
imaging.by.SEM

[2266,2267]

Pb 2+ C/PO.(OF-S) DPASV accum..by.adsorption.to.S

el..redn./anodic.reoxidn.

5-1000.ng.L −1 .
(5.ng.L −1 ;.1.min)

Hair.sample.
(spiked)

OF-S:.amino-functionalized.
silica;.CP-lifetime.>4.months

[1836]

Pb 2+ C/PO.

( Dithizone )

DPASV,.
FIA

o.c..accum..via.complex.
redn./anodic.reoxidn.

8.×.10 −8 -1.×.10 −5 .
M.(5-8.×.10 −8 .M;.
8.min)

Soil.samples interfs..study.with.Zn,.Cd,.

Cu, Hg
Samples.collected.near.
metallurgic.plant;.analyses.
compared.to.AAS

[815]

Pb 2+ C/PO.(fruit.

tissue)

DPCSV o.c..accum..via.biosorption;.

MEx/cathodic.redn.

1-10.ng.mL −1 .
(5.ng mL −1 ;.1.min)

Water.(spiked),.
laboratory.
waste

Fruit:.dried/pulverized.pineapple
interfs..study.with.15.Me n + .ions;.
Bio-CPE.regeneration.by.
EDTA

[281]

Cd 2+ C/PO.

(ZrP 2 O 7 -SG)

DPASV o.c..accum..(ion-exchange)

el..redn./anodic.reoxidn.

3-1400.ng.mL −1 .
(3.ng.L −1 ;.2.min)

Wastewater SG:.functionalized.silica.gel

incl..optimization.studies

[1215]

Pb 2+ C/Pos.

(+DTBA/
MBA)

POT.
(dir., titr.)

Chemical.equilibrium.and.
steady-state.potential.for.
Cu 2+ ↔.Cu II −TMTDS

(5.×.10 −8 .M.for.
CPE1,.4.×.10 −8 .M.
for.CPE2)

Humate.
extracts

Two.modifs:.dithiodibenzoic.
acid,.mercaptobenzoic.acid.
(added.in:.25%,.m/m);.
evaluation.of. β Pb-TBA

[2268]

( continued )