Milk Oligosaccharides - Advanced Dairy Chemistry - page 332

1.2 0.2

1.0

0.8

0.6 0.1

0.4

0.2

0

0

0 24 48 72 96 120 144 168 0 24 48 72 96 120 144 168

Time post partum (hours) Time post partum (hours)

0.2

0.1

0

0 24 48 72 96 120 144 168

Time post partum (hours)

Figure 8.4. Changes in the concentrations of 3 0 -SL, 6 0 -SL and 6 0 -SLN in Holstein bovine
colostrum during early lactation. Values are indicated as means SD (n ¼ 4). Reproduced
from Nakamura et al. (2003) with permission.

Among the neutral oligosaccharides, the following are characteristic of
bovine colostrum, insofar as they have not been found in the milk or colos-
trum of other mammals: GalNAc( 1-3)Gal( 1-4)Glc (Watanabe et al.,
2006), GalNAc( 1-3)Gal( 1-4)Glc and GalNAc( 1-4)Glc. It is noteworthy
that both (1-3)- and (1-3)-linked galactosyllactose and N-acetylgalactos-
aminyllactose have been found among the bovine oligosaccharides
As shown in Table 8.3, some bovine milk oligosaccharides have a N-
acetyllactosamine (Gal( 1-4)GlcNAc) unit at their reducing end, in contrast to
human milk oligosaccharides, almost all of which have a lactose residue in that
position. The core units of most bovine milk oligosaccharides are lactose or N-
acetyllactosamine, unlike human milk oligosaccharides the core units of which
are LNT, LNnT, LNH and LNnH, etc. Both the variety and the concentration
of fucosylated oligosaccharides in bovine colostrum and milk are very low; this
is in contrast to human milk oligosaccharides, many of which are fucosylated.
It can be expected that milk oligosaccharides of other domestic farm
animals, such as goats and sheep, will also be used as biofunctional materials.
The content of milk oligosaccharides in goat milk is 0.25-0.30 g/L; this is higher
than that of bovine (0.03-0.06 g/L) or ovine (0.02-0.04 g/L) milk. In addition,
the variety of oligosaccharides in goat milk is greater than that in bovine or ovine