Endocrine-Disrupting Pesticides - Pesticides: Evaluation of Environmental Pollution - page 622

TABLE 20.2 (Continued)
Representative Endocrine Actions of DDT and Its Metabolites in Vertebrates

Compound Label Effect Effect Study Type References

p,p′-DDT Antiprogesterone Antiprogesterone

(antiprogestin)

Human PR (CB) Klotz et al. (1997b)

p,p′-DDT Antiestrogenic Weak antagonist Rabbit ER (CB) Danzo (1997)

p,p′-DDT Antiandrogenic Decrease testicular growth Cockerel Burlington and

Lindeman (1950)

Antiandrogenic Antagonist Human AR Maness et al. (1998)

p,p′-DDT

Antiandrogenic Strong antagonist Rat AR Danzo (1997)

p,p′-DDT

Corticosterone Induces stress-related

response

Senegal walking
frog

Hayes et al. (1997)

p,p′-DDT

DDE (2 isomers)
o,p′-DDE Estrogenic? ER interaction Alligator ER Vonier et al. (1996)

o,p′-DDE Estrogenic? Weakly binds ER Human ER Gaido et al. (1997)

o,p′-DDE Estrogenic Estrogenic response cells E-screen Sonnenschein and

Soto (1998)

o,p′-DDE Estrogenic Induction of Vtg/hepatic

EBS

Trout Donohoe and Curtis

(1996)

o,p′-DDE Antiprogesterone Antiprogesterone Fowl PR (CB) Lundhom (1997)

o,p′-DDE Antiandrogenic Antagonist Fowl AR Lundhom (1997)

o,p′-DDE Antiandrogenic Antagonist Human AR Maness et al. (1998)

p,p′-DDE Estrogenic? Weak ER interaction Alligator ER Vonier et al. (1996)

Estrogenic Development of gonaducts Tiger salamander Clark et al. (1998)

p,p′-DDE

Antiestrogenic? Weak antagonist Rabbit ER (CB) Danzo (1997)

p,p′-DDE

Antiandrogenic Inhibits transcription Human AR/CB Kelce et al. (1995)

p,p′-DDE

Antiandrogenic Reduction anogenital

distance

Male rats
(offspring)

Kelce et al. (1995)

p,p′-DDE

p,p′-DDE Antiandrogenic Retention of thoracic

nipples

Male rats
(offspring)

Kelce et al. (1995)

p,p′-DDE Antiandrogenic Strong antagonist Rat AR Danzo (1997)

p,p′-DDE Antiandrogenic Antagonist YES AR Sohoni and Sumpter

(1998)

p,p′-DDE Androgenic? Antagonist, agonist Human AR Maness et al. (1998)

p,p′-DDE Androgenic? AR interaction Human AR Gaido et al. (1997)

DDD (2 isomers)
o,p′-DDD

Estrogenic? ER interaction Alligator ER Vonier et al. (1996)

Estrogenic? Weakly binds ER Human ER Gaido et al. (1997)

o,p′-DDD

Estrogenic ER binding + response

(weak)

YES/CB/MCF-7 Klotz et al. (1996)

o,p′-DDD

o,p′-DDD Antiandrogenic Antagonist Human AR Gaido et al. (1997)

p,p′-DDD Estrogenic? Weak ER-interaction Alligator AR Vonier et al. (1996)

p,p′-DDD Estrogenic Sex reversal American alligator Crain (1997)

p,p′-DDD Estrogenic ER binding + response YES CB/MCF-7 Klotz et al. (1996)

Source: From Guillette, L. J., Kools, S. A. E., Gunderson, M. P., Bermudez, D. S. 2006. DDT and its analogues:
New insights into their endocrine-disrupting effects on wildlife. In: Norris, D. O. and Carr, J. A. (eds),
Endocrine Disruption . Oxford University Press: Oxford, UK.
ER, estrogen receptor; Vtg, vitellogenin; YES, yeast estrogen screen; AR, androgen receptor; PR, progesterone
receptor; EBS, estrogen-binding sites; CB, cell bioassay; MCF-7, Michigan Cancer Foundation - 7; ?, possible effect.