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Fig. 26.1
The representative picture of ultrastructure changes of the brain by transmission elec-
tron microscope after arsenic or arsenic and taurine exposure for 60 days. The magnification for
the picture is 10
5
×. The
arrows
are the place of synaptic vesicle. (
a
) Normal structure of synapse
in the brain. (
b
) Ultrastructure of synapse in the brain of mice exposed to 4 ppm arsenic.
(
c
) Ultrastructure of synapse in the brain of mice exposed to 4 ppm arsenic and 150 mg/kg taurine
26.3.2
Effect of Taurine on Concentrations of Monoamine
Neurotransmitters in the Brains of Mice Exposed to As
The effect of taurine on concentrations of monoamine neurotransmitters in the brain
of mice exposed to As was shown in Table
26.2
. The concentrations of NE, DA, and
5-HT both in the cerebrum and cerebellum of mice were significantly lower in
As-treatment groups than those in the controls (
P
< 0.05). However, the concentra-
tions of NE, DA, and 5-HT in the cerebellum of mice received 4 ppm As
2
O
3
and
150 mg/kg taurine were significantly increased than that in group exposed to 4 ppm
As
2
O
3
alone (
P
< 0.05). The similar results were also found in the cerebrum, except
the concentration of 5-HT.
26.3.3
Effect of Taurine on the mRNA Expressions of DBH, TH,
and TPH in the Brains of Mice Exposed to As
The mRNA expressions of NE, DA, and 5-HT synzymes in the brains of mice were
shown in Figs.
26.2
and 26.3. The mRNA expressions of DBH, TH, and TPH in the
cerebrum of mice received 4 ppm As
2
O
3
were significant lower than those in control
in Fig.
26.2
(
P
< 0.01), which were decreased about 52, 33, and 50% respectively,
compared to controls. And the mRNA expressions of DBH and TH in the cerebrum
of mice that received 4 ppm As
2
O
3
and 150 mg/kg taurine were significantly
increased than that in group exposed to 4 ppm As
2
O
3
alone (
P
< 0.01).
In Fig.
26.3
, the expressions of TPH genes in the cerebellum of mice were
significant lower in the group exposed to 4 ppm As
2
O
3
than those in controls
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