Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
need to use silver nitrate, thus the production cost is high with environmental
pollution; in the chlorination nitration method for nitro alcohols, the risk of pro-
duced intermediate potassium salt is large, and production safety risk is high
because a large amount of chlorinated solvents and chlorine are used in the process.
Polysul
42
], proposed the oxidation
nitration method to alleviate effectively the problem in safety and environmental
protection [
43
,
44
].
Problem in the synthesis of DNPOH in polysul
de in America, Grakauskas and others [
40
-
49
] that the
amount of required nitrite in the process is very high. Therefore, a large amount of
salt and water will be produced in the process, which not only increases the pro-
cessing costs, but also result a certain degree of impacts on environment. American
“
de company is [
45
-
(SERDP)
[
50
] proposed the electrochemical synthesis of DNPOH; From the view of pro-
tecting environment and reducing the cost,
Strategic Environmental Research and Development Planning Of
ce
”
the impact on the environment
is
expected to improve.
4.5.1 Properties and Preparation of 2,2-Dinitropropanol
2,2-dinitropropanol (DNPOH), also known as gem-nitropropanol, is an important
liquid nitro compound.
4.5.1.1 Properties of DNPOH
Formula: C
3
H
6
N
2
O
5
NO
2
Structure:
H
3
CC
CH
2
OH
NO
2
Molecular weight: 150.092
Oxygen balance:
42.6 % (calculated according to the produced CO
2
)
Content of nitrogen: 18.66 %
−
2,2-Nitro-1-propanol is a highly explosive colorless liquid with an aromatic
odor, melting point of
C, refractive index of
1.465420. It is soluble in ether, but insoluble in water. It has
21.4
°
C, boiling point of 103
°
−
ve hydrogen bond
acceptors, topological molecular polar surface area of 112, heavy atom number of
10, rotatable bond number of one, the number of hydrogen bond donor of 1, and the
number of covalent bond units of one.
4.5.1.2 Applications of DNPOH
(1) Antibacterial inhibitor: DNPOH can be used to prepare bacteria inhibitors and
fungicides [
35
,
36
,
52
].
