A CHRONOLOGY OF CENTRAL ASIA - Tourism in Central Asia: Cultural Potential and Challenges - page 353

1865 The Russians establish the Province of Turkestan, which is con-

nected to the General Governorship of Orenburg.

June 1865 The Russians capture Tashkent.

1867 The Russian Tsar, Alexander II, decides to proceed as far as Persia

and India, and thus pressurizes the Bukhara Emirate.

1867 The Russians create the Governorate-General of Turkestan, with

Tashkent as its capital.

1867 The Russians capture Kokand.

January 1868 The Russians sign a treaty with the Khanate of Kokand which

reduces it to a virtual Russian protectorate.

1868 Russia completes its occupation of Kazak land and declares the

lands as Russian property.

1868 The Russians create the Governorate-General of the Kazak

Steppe, with Orenburg as its capital.

May 1868 Russia raids Samarkand, which is part of the Bukhara Khanate.

June 1868 The Khanate of Bukhara becomes a Russian protectorate.

1869 The Russians establish a fort at Krasnovodsk on the Caspian Sea.

1869 Russia attacks the Khwarezm Harezm (Hive) Khanate.

1871 Russian forces occupy the Ili Valley.

12 August 1873 The Khanate of Khiva becomes a Russian protectorate.

1876 Russia abolishes the Kokand Khanate, which has weakened as a

result of civil war. The Kokand Khanate is annexed to the General
Governorship of Turkestan under the name of Fergana Province.

1876 The Chinese begin their reconquest of Xinjiang.

1877-1881 The Goktepe battles between the Russians and the Turkmen.

1878 Kashgar falls to the Chinese, under Tso Tsung-t'ang.

1878-1880 The Second Anglo-Afghan War.

1880 The Transcaspian Railroad is begun at Krasnovodsk.

1881 The Treaty of St. Petersburg between Russia and China results in

the return of the Ili Valley to China.

1884 The Russians occupy the Merv oasis.

1884 Xinjiang officially becomes a Chinese province.

1885 Muslim revolt in the Ferghana Valley against Tsarist rule.

1885 The Trans-Caspian Railroad reaches Mary (Merv).

1885 The Russians occupy the Pandjeh oasis on the Afghan border, thus

completing their conquest of Turkestan.

1888 The Trans-Caspian Railroad reaches Samarkand.