A CHRONOLOGY OF CENTRAL ASIA - Tourism in Central Asia: Cultural Potential and Challenges - page 354

1897-1898 Muslim uprising in Andijan against the Russians.

1905 Russia is defeated by Japan in Manchuria. The 1905 Russian Rev-

olution and the declaration of the constitution.

1906 The completion of the Orenburg-Tashkent Railroad, linking

Turkestan to European Russia.

1911 The Republican Revolution in China brings the Qing dynasty to

an end.

1912 The founding of the Alash Orda party among the Kazaks.

1914-1918 World War I

1916 The Russian Tsar asks for soldiers from Turkestan. Rebellion

in Turkestan. 200,000 Turkestanis are sent to the front. 160,000
Turkestanis resist and are sent to Siberia. The rebellions continue
until 1917.

1917 Famine in Turkestan. A large proportion of the people and live-

stock die.

12 March 1917 The “February” Revolution in Russia, resulting in the establish-

ment of the Tashkent Committee of the Provisional Government
and the Tashkent Soviet of Worker's and Peasant's Deputies.

April 1917 The Bolshevik Party affirms it support of the right of all nations

within Russia to separate and form independent states.

April 1917 The First Pan-Kirghiz (Kazak) Congress in Orenburg.

16-23 April 1917 The Turkestan Muslim congress takes place. The decision is made

to establish an organization under the name of the Turkestan Cen-
tral Muslim Council. Mustafa Chokai is elected as president.

1-11 May 1917 The First Pan-Russian Congress of Muslims in Moscow.

21-26 July 1917 The Second Kazak Congress in Orenburg.

3 September 1917 The Second Central Asian Muslim Congress in Tashkent proposes

the creation of an Autonomous Federated Republic of Turkestan.

7 November 1917 The Bolshevik “October” Revolution in Russia, resulting in the

Tashkent Soviet seizing power from the Tashkent Committee.

15 November 1917 The Third Regional Congress of Soviets in Tashkent decides to

exclude Muslims from local government.

25-27 November The Fourth Central Asian Muslim Congress in Kokand results in

the creation of the Muslim Provisional Government of Autono-
mous Turkestan.

1917

5-13 December 1917 The Third Kazak Congress in Orenburg proclaims a Kazak na-

tionalist government under the leadership of the Alash-Orda in an
attempt to halt the spread of Communism into the Kazak steppe.