Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 6.1
Species-specific behaviour of cattle with regard to adequate housing systems (Fölsch
and Hörning 1996, Hörning 1998)
Functional unit
Species-speciic behaiours
Appropriate housing
Social behaviour
Herd animals
Feed or rest at same time
Avoidance distances
Loose housing systems
1 feeding and 1 resting place per
cow
Wide passages, sufficient space
Feeding
Several feeding periods per day
Competition for food
Drinking by suction
Ad libitum feeding
Feeding barriers
Drinking troughs
Locomotion
Need to move
Walking on soft ground
Loose housing, exercise yard,
pasture
Combination of hard flooring and
littered areas
Resting behaviour
Lying on soft ground
Species-specific raising and lying
down
Litter
Flexible side partitions of cubicles
Comfort behaviour
Rubbing, licking
Rubbing brushes in loose housing
systems
Table 6.2
Species-specific behaviour of pigs with regard to adequate housing systems (Fölsch and
Hörning 1996, Hörning 1998)
Functional unit
Species-speciic behaiours
Appropriate housing
Social behaviour
(Mother-)family groups
Differentiated social behaviour
Group housing, small groups
Structured pens, sufficient space
Mother-offspring
interactions
Isolation during farrowing
Construction of farrowing nests
Separate farrowing pens
Farrowing without fixation,
provision of nesting material
Exploratory behaviour
Distinct exploratory behaviour
Rooting with the snout
Rich and diverse environment
Provision of materials for rooting
Locomotion
Need to move
Outdoor run, pasture
Feeding
Omnivores
Distinct forage seeking behaviour
Competition for food
Diverse diet
Provision of roughages
Separations at the trough
Eliminative behaviour
Separation of resting and
defecation
Separate resting and dunging
areas
Comfort behaviour
Rubbing
Wallowing
Rubbing brushes or trees
Opportunity for cooling down
(wallow, shower)
Resting behaviour
Shelter
Solid side walls
