Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
After veri
cation, the DOE
requests the EB to issue Certi
cation and certi
nancing has been worked
out, detailed contracts are signed for the sale of
carbon from the project.
5.
Implementation and Monitoring
After national approval, validation, registra-
tion and tying up
After the mode of
ed Emission
Reductions.
Project Cycle
There is a well-de
ned cycle or path through
which a CDM project has to pass for quali
nancing, the CDM project
implementation begins. The monitoring of the
project is done in accordance with the Project
Design Document or PDD that has been
approved during the previous stages by the EB
under the Kyoto Protocol.
Recording of the carbon emissions and
changes in the baseline are done as a part of the
monitoring process. All relevant data for calcu-
lating reductions in green house gas emissions or
carbon sinks are calculated by the CDM project
participants.
The CDM projects are good options to reduce
emission, no doubt, but the community-based
expansion of blue carbon reservoir can also
reduce emission substantially, which requires the
participation of local people. Few important
recommendations to enhance the blue carbon
reservoir
ca-
tion under the EB procedure. This cycle is rig-
orous
ed Emission
Reductions or Carbon Credits. The steps are
highlighted here in brief.
1.
Project Design and Formation
The Project Concept Note or PCN is the
for
obtaining
Certi
rst
step in designing and formulating a CDM
project. This leads to the development of a
Project Design Document (PDD) which is a
legal requirement for CDM project approval.
The PDD gives the project baseline leading to
the estimation of net reductions in the emis-
sions of carbon.
2.
Approval by DNA
The Designated National Authority or DNA
in the host country where the project is to be
implemented appraises the project against the
objectives of sustainable development at the
national level. In India, the National CDM
Authority under the Ministry of Environment
and Forests, Government of India, is the DNA
for CDM projects.
3.
Validation and Registration
This is the third stage of the CDM project cycle
in which it is assessed and registered by the
DOE approved by the EM of CDM. The DOE
assesses the project and ensures that it com-
plies with the CDM rules and procedures that
have been approved by the EB/COP from time
to time. After the DOE recommends a partic-
ular project, the EB approves its registration.
4.
Financing and Sale
This stage involves arranging the
in coastal zone have been clearly
de
ned through several programmes taken up in
different parts of the world. The primary steps are
listed here:
(A) Site selection
(B) Capacity building
(C) Partner selection
(D) Facilitator selection
(E) Linking livelihood with conservation
(F) Marketing facility
(A)
Site Selection
Expansion of blue carbon reservoir can be
done if the sites have congenial environment
not only in terms of tidal action and water
quality, but also in terms of anthropogenic
in
uences (like sewage discharge, agricul-
tural run-off, industrial waste discharge and
grazing pressure). Also lack of clear and
legally binding land and carbon ownership
rights, along with an absence of strong
community support and awareness, have
been found to be two major roadblocks
leading to stakeholder conflicts prior
fl
nances for
the project.
The sale of carbon may be done in the fol-
lowing ways:
a. Carbon buyers may pay directly for the CDM
project, mainly through
nancing its costs.
b. Carbon buyers may take equity in the project.
to
