Benisovich, Michel. "Sales of French Collections of Paintings in the United States during the First Half of the Nineteenth Century.” Art Quarterly 19 (1956): 288-301.
Jon Bon Jovi, Asbury Park, 2001.
Other migrant companies included legal publishers Matthew Bender (Newark), business reference publishers Dun and Bradstreet (Murray Hill), Hammond World Atlas Corporation (Union), reference publishers R. R. Bowker and Marquis Who’s Who (both in New Providence), and the major Judaica publisher KTAV (Hoboken). The IEEE Press of the Society of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
Bon Jovi, Jon (b. Mar. 2, 1962). Singer, songwriter, guitarist, and actor. Jon Bon Jovi was born John Bongiovi, Jr. in Sayreville to Carol and John Bongiovi, Sr. He was educated in local public schools and married Dorothea Hurley on April 29,1989.
Inspired by Shore-based acts like Bruce Springsteen and the E Street Band and South-side Johnny and the Asbury Jukes, Jon Bon Jovi played in local bands like Atlantic City Expressway, the Wild Ones, and the Rest before forming the group Bon Jovi in 1983 with guitarist Ritchie Sambora, keyboardist David Bryan, drummer Tico Torres, and bassist Alec John Such. With its hook-filled songs, teen-idol looks, and lively crowd-pleasing concerts, the band was at the forefront of the pop-metal movement of the 1980s. Its most successful album was 1986′s Slippery When Wet, which yielded hits like "You Give Love a Bad Name,” "Livin’ on a Prayer,” and "Wanted Dead or Alive.” A follow-up album, affectionately named New Jersey, was also hugely successful, led by singles "Bad Medicine,” "Lay Your Hands on Me,” and "I’ll Be There for You.” Although its popularity declined in the I990s, the band came back strong in 2000 with the book publishing. New Jersey is home to some 125 book publishers. They range widely in size and subject specialization. Although many of them are recent migrants from New York, New Jersey also counts some major original players, particularly in the scholarly and scientific fields.
In its early history, book publishing in New Jersey followed the development pattern of the other mid-Atlantic states. Book publishers were either printers or booksellers by origin. The first printing presses operated under government contract to print laws and other official publications, as well as money. William Bradford, who was also the first official printer in Pennsylvania and New York, operated from Perth Amboy as early as 1723. Among his successors was the very successful printer and publisher Benjamin Franklin. James Parker produced and sold books from 1754 until 1770 in Woodbridge and Burlington. After the Revolution, several important publishers emerged. Isaac Collins of Trenton published one of the first quarto Bibles in 1791. Shepard Kollock operated in Chatham, New Brunswick, and Elizabeth, where John Woods also plied the New Jersey and the New in Piscataway and Engineering Information in Hoboken are other fairly recent transplants.
The first book printed in New Jersey published the Acts Adopted by the General Assembly of the Colony of New Jersey, Perth Amboy, 1723.
In response to a sharply increased centralization of the New York publishing industry, many small new trade publishers sprang up around the country. A good New Jersey example in is New Horizon in Far Hills (1982).
The tremendous growth of academic libraries between the 1950s and the 1970s spawned a new international publishing line of reprints of standard and classic texts in many scholarly fields. In New Jersey, major players were Augustus Kelley (in Clifton), specializing in economic history, Rothman (in Hackensack) in law, and Patterson Smith (in Montclair) in criminology.
But scholarly and scientific publishing are the New Jersey publishing community’s original and enduring specialties. Princeton University Press was founded in 1905 as a printing service for the university. With considerable material support from New York publisher and alumnus Charles Scribner, the press developed a substantial list of scholarly publications, including the papers of Thomas Jefferson, Woodrow Wilson, and Albert Einstein. Also on its list is the prestigious Bollingen Series, which includes the Collected Worlis of C. G. Jung. Rutgers University Press was founded in New Brunswick in 1937. It had an eclectic list in the early years under the directorship of Earl Schenck Miers and former New York trade publisher William Sloane. The latter added a publishing program on New Jersey, which is still one of the press’s specialties. During the past twenty-five years, the press has built a strong list of scholarly books in the humanities and social sciences.
As a by-product of the many scholarly activities at Rutgers, two other presses came to life. Scarecrow Press in neighboring Metuchen was founded in 1950 and specializes in bibliographical and library-related texts. It recently merged with the University Presses of America and moved to Lanham, Maryland. Sociologist Irving Louis Horowitz came to Rutgers from Washington University in 1962. He began editing the journal Transaction, and founded Transaction Publishers—now in Piscataway-which has a strong list of scholarly books and periodicals in the social sciences. Fairleigh Dickinson University Press was established in 1967 in Madison. Also specializing in the social sciences are the commercial publishers Lawrence Erlbaum Associates in Mahwah and Information Today in Medford.
Boone, Thomas (b. c. 1730; d. Sept. 25,1812). Colonial governor. Son of Charles and Elizabeth (Garth) Boone, Thomas Boone was born at Lee Place in Kent. His father was a member of Parliament, and the son graduated from first Eton and later Trinity College. In 1760 he was appointed governor of New Jersey. During his short term in office he persuaded the assembly to send 666 soldiers to fight with Gen. Jeffrey Amherst in the Seven Years’ War. Boone owned land in South Carolina and was appointed governor of that colony in 1761, but he returned to England in 1764, where he spent the rest of his life.
Boonton. 2.7-square-mile town in Morris County. The Rockaway River bisects this former iron town, which was carved out of Hanover and Pequannock townships in 1830. Incorporated in 1867, it was named after Thomas Boone, the royal governor of New Jersey in 1760-1761. It is the second settlement called Boonton. Old Boonton, one and one-half miles downstream, was settled in 1747, but the Morris Canal, the transportation corridor of the nineteenth century, bypassed the settlement, which declined and is now under the Jersey City Reservoir. Water running through a four-hundred-foot drop in the river between Rockaway and Montville powered early nail, nut, and other mills that manufactured objects made of iron. Original settlers were British ironworkers, mainly from Staffordshire, who were brought to Boonton to work in the many forges fueled by charcoal brought on the Morris Canal.
The oldest part of town rises above the river and is called the Hill. It is known for beautiful nineteenth-century homes, and the most important architectural landmark is the Richard Upjohn Saint John’s Episcopal Church, built in 1863. Only twenty miles from Newark and thirty from New York, Boonton was nonetheless somewhat isolated until the highway construction of the 1980s brought an interstate highway exit virtually to its Main Street.
In 2000, the population of 8,496 was 83 percent white and 8 percent Asian. The median household income in 2000 was $65,322. For complete census figures, see chart, 130.
Boonton Township. 8-square-mile township in Morris County. Formerly part of Pequannock Township, Boonton was incorporated as a separate township in 1867, one year after the Town of Boonton. One of the smallest Morris County municipalities, it is located in the Rockaway River Valley. The landscape is rolling and generally bucolic. There is little arable land, and in the nineteenth century agriculture was largely limited to livestock grazing. Iron mining, forges, and milling were historically important to Boonton’s economy. The Morris Canal passed through the town, aiding its industries and farms. Among the notable villages in the municipality is Powerville. In the twentieth century, aviation electronics became an important industry.
In 2000, the population of 8,496 was 79 percent white, 7 percent Hispanic (His-panics may be of any race), and 4 percent black. The median household income in 2000 was $91,753. For complete census figures, see chart, 130.
Bordentown. 0.94-square-mile city in Burlington County. It is located at the confluence of the Delaware River and Cross-wicks Creek; the latter divides Burlington and Mercer counties. Bordentown was first settled in 1682 as Farnsworth Landing, and the site was purchased in 1717 by Freehold farmer Joseph Borden. It was incorporated as a borough in 1849 and as a city in 1867. A Revolutionary War engagement in 1778 saw two Continental frigates burned in Crosswicks Creek as British attackers approached and briefly shelled the city. The city later became a hub for north-south stagecoach travel. The Clara Barton School, established by the Civil War nurse and American Red Cross founder, was the first successful tax-supported school in New Jersey. Famous residents included Declaration of Independence signer Francis Hopkinson, Napoleon Bonaparte’s brother Joseph, and Persian Gulf War hero H. Norman Schwarzkopf, Jr., who attended Bordentown Military Institute, which closed in 1971.
The city is known for its numerous Colonial, Georgian, and Greek revival structures, which it has, since the 1980s, undertaken to restore and preserve. Larger commercial businesses are located along U.S. Routes 130 and 206. Throughout its history, Bordentown has been primarily residential, with a downtown commercial district.
In 2000, the city’s population of 3,969 was 81 percent white and 13 percent black. The 2000 median household income was $47,279. For complete census figures, see chart, 130.
Bordentown Township. 7.41-square-mile township in Burlington County. Bor-dentown was incorporated as a township in 1852, when it was divided from neighboring Chesterfield, and it now partially surrounds both the city of Bordentown and Fieldsboro.
Originally settled by farmers, Bordentown Township remained largely agrarian well into the twentieth century. Dairy farms were supported by operations that grew field crops, including field corn and soybeans. The farm-to-market road bisecting the community was eventually designated as U.S. 206. Farmland predominated into the 1960s, with commercial and light industrial development along Routes 206 and 130. Residential neighborhoods grew between Bordentown City and the White Horse section of Hamilton Township in Mercer County. The Alfred C. Wagner Correctional Facility is located within the township. Commercial development and new residential construction accelerated rapidly with completion of a New Jersey Turnpike interchange in the 1950s. In the late 1970s, Interstate 295 was extended north through the county to the then-terminus at U.S. 130. Heavy truck traffic between the turnpike and the interstate led to the creation of a transportation hub with fueling, service, and warehouse facilities. The 1990s saw a new acceleration of housing construction on former farm sites that led to a 1999 ballot question approving a farm- and open-space preservation program.
The 2000 population of 8,380 was 89 percent white and 5 percent black. The median household income in 2000 was $60,131.
Borg, John (b. May 24, 1883; d. May 6,1956). Businessman, public servant, and newspaper publisher. Raised in Union Hill in a large and struggling family, John Borg sought employment on Wall Street as a teenager and quickly earned a reputation as a savvy trader, especially of mining stocks. By his twenties Borg had earned a substantial fortune. He married Hazel Gowan, a minister’s daughter, in 1905. In 1919 Borg and his family moved into a mansion in Hackensack. A year later, as a civic gesture, Borg invested $20,000 in a flagging paper in his hometown, the Bergen Evening Record. Through the 1920s Borg gradually grew more involved in the paper’s operations and divested his interests on Wall Street. By 1929 he was the Evening Record’s sole owner. Aggressive civic journalism, expansive sports reporting, and promotions helped fuel the growth of the Evening Record through the Depression and war years. By the time Borg handed over the publisher’s role to his son Donald in 1949, the Evening Record had emerged as a powerful force in both Bergen County and statewide politics. Borg took satisfaction in his paper’s reputation as a crusader for good government and his close connections with state political leaders, and relished his service for three
Borglum, Gutzon (b. Mar. 25,1867; d. Mar. 6, 1941). Sculptor. Gutzon Borglum was born John Gutzon de la Mothe Borglum in Idaho. He claimed to have grown up on the prairies sculpting animals in the mud for the amusement of his fellow cowboys. Cowboy artist or not, Borglum first earned real notice for his statues of Abraham Lincoln—one is in the rotunda of the Capitol in Washington, D.C., and another sits on a stone slab outside the Essex County Courthouse in downtown Newark. Borglum was, in fact, one of the most prolific of Lincoln sculptors, prized for his very emotional portrayals. The Essex County Lincoln, who sits on a bench and invites the visitor to do the same, is an excellent example.
Borglum ramped up to the monumental sculptures that absorbed the last fifth of his life by making increasingly massive works in his New York studio. His largest bronze work by far is the Wars of America in Military Park in downtown Newark, still the largest single public statue in the state of New Jersey. Wars includes two life-size horses and forty-two full-size human figures in a nearly fifty-foot-long composition; it is one of the largest bronzes ever cast in the United States.
In the early 1920s, Borglum conceived the massive relief of Confederate military heroes for the face of Stone Mountain, Georgia, just outside of Atlanta, but he abandoned the project. In 1927 he began work on Mount Rushmore but he died before it was entirely realized. His son, Lincoln, brought it to a rough completion after his death.
Gutzon’s younger brother, Solon, sculpted the two buffaloes and two grizzly bears in Jersey City’s Leonard J. Gordon Park. Sited in 1907 without pedestals on the park’s grassy lawns, they are still sitting there today under a thick shell of institutional paint. They have been childhood favorites for generations.
Boudinot, Elias (b. May 2, 1740; d. Oct. 24,1821). Congressman, politician, military officer, and philanthropist. Elias Boudinot was born in Philadelphia, the son of Elias Boudinot III, silversmith and postmaster, and Catherine Williams. He attended the Academy of Pennsylvania, studied law, and became a practicing attorney in 1760. As a lawyer involved in mercantilist and real estate ventures, he acquired great wealth. In 1762 Boudinot married Hannah Stockton.
On the eve of the Revolutionary War Boudinot served on the New Jersey Committee of Correspondence and as chairman of the Committee of Safety. He sat in the New Jersey Provincial Congress in 1775. Briefly in 1776 he was aide-de-camp to William Livingston, who commanded the New Jersey militia. On January 6, 1777, he was named a colonel and the commissary of prisoners; and during his year’s service, he negotiated prisoner exchanges and worked to improve conditions of American prisoners. From 1778 to 1779 and 1781 to 1784, Boudinot was a delegate to the Continental Congress and president of the Congress from 1782 to 1783. In 1783 he served as interim secretary for foreign affairs. Boudinot served three terms in the House of Representatives, from 1789 to 1805, where he supported Alexander Hamilton’s fiscal program. In 1795 Boudinot became the director of the U.S. Mint.
Retiring from public service in 1805, Boudinot devoted himself to biblical studies. He published four books with religious themes, including one in which he claimed American Indians were descended from Jews of the Diaspora.
Boudinot was a trustee of the College of New Jersey (1772-1821) and founded and endowed the American Bible Society (1816), serving as its first president. Boudinot donated considerable sums to charity. He founded and endowed the Indian School at Cornwall, Connecticut. A future Cherokee Indian chief who attended the Indian School changed his own name to that of Elias Boudinot. Having resided at Elizabethtown and Basking Ridge, Boudinot died at his last house in Burlington. Respected as an able statesman, Boudinot had two foremost traits, acquisitiveness and piety.
Thomas Sully, Elias Boudinot, 1817.
Boudinot, Rachel Bradford (b. 1764;d. June 6, 1805). Philanthropist. The daughter of the patrician Bradfords of Philadelphia, Rachel married Elisha Boudinot of Newark and raised his six children from a previous marriage. She was her extended family’s nurse, tending members through yellow fever. Seeing the need for care in the larger community, Boudinot founded a private welfare agency, the Female Society for the Relief of Poor and Distressed Persons in the Village of Newark, which numbered 4,500 members by 1805. Renamed the Newark Female Charitable Society, it celebrated its centennial in 1903 and continues to serve as the Newark Day Center for Older People, at the corner of Hill and Halsey streets.
Boundaries. New Jersey, like many of the American colonies, experienced discord and a number of longstanding controversies concerning the exact location of its boundaries. Confusion over a border often benefited one colony over another, and this was certainly true of the conflict between New York and New Jersey. From the granting of the charter for New Jersey in 1664, the leaders of New York were conscious of the loss of very valuable territory. Unfortunately for New Jersey, the charter had been granted based on an inaccurate map created by the Dutch cartographer Nicholas Visscher in 1654. The charter established the northern border of New Jersey at the northernmost branch of the Delaware River, at 41 degrees 40 minutes north latitude, even though no branch of the Delaware existed there. Politically powerful New York tried to benefit until a royal commission established the border farther south, at its modern location, in 1769, although it was not until 1896 that the first comprehensive and accurate survey was completed. The lack of a confirmed northern border also affected the positioning of the border between East Jersey and West Jersey, causing more controversy and confusion within the colony.
Settlement continued in the disputed areas during this time of controversy and resulted in violence as property owners attempted to clarify conflicting claims. Contributing greatly to this tension was New York’s aggressive granting of lands in the disputed area in the hope of establishing a de facto border. The northern border was not the only area in which New York and New Jersey came into conflict. The New Jersey charter had also transferred lands west of Long Island and Manhattan Island "bounded on the east part by the main sea, and part by the Hudson’s river.” New York expected control over the entire Hudson River, but New Jersey argued, as a coequal colony and later as a state, that the middle of the river should represent the border. An 1834 agreement drew the border down the middle of the river, with New York controlling all islands and New Jersey having control of all underwater rights. This issue would resurface with the controversy over Ellis Island. The case was decided in 1998 by the U.S. Supreme Court in New Jersey’s favor, ruling that only the 4. 89 acres of the original Ellis Island falls under New York’s jurisdiction, while the remainder of approximately 20 acres of landfill belongs to New Jersey.
A similar border conflict between the states of New Jersey and Delaware also concerned jurisdiction over river islands close to New Jersey’s shore. With changing tides and water levels, some of these islands had become connected to the New Jersey shoreline, and New Jersey argued that this land was now under its jurisdiction. A Supreme Court review in the 1930s established that the original charter clearly showed that New Jersey had no title to any portion of the bed or bay of the Delaware River, including any islands. Thus these former islands were judged to be under the jurisdiction of the state of Delaware, and continue to create several interesting anomalies on New Jersey state maps.
