Cancer Disparities

Tools for Improving Colorectal Cancer Screening Rates: Multimedia Versus Print in an Underserved Community (Cancer Disparities) Part 2

Implementation Fidelity There are two main components of overall program evaluation: outcome evaluation (e.g., whether the interventions increased screening rates above baseline) and implementation evaluation (e.g., whether the interventions were implemented as planned), which is also called process evaluation (Rossi & Freeman, 1989; Shadish, Cook, & Leviton, 1991). High-fidelity implementation is an often overlooked, yet […]

Partnering With Safety-Net Primary Care Clinics: A Model to Enhance Screening in Low-Income Populations—Principles, Challenges, and Key Lessons (Cancer Disparities) Part 1

DISPARITIES IN CANCER SCREENING Racial and ethnic minorities, particularly African Americans, have higher death rates from many types of cancer, including breast cancer (BC), cervical cancer (CC), and colorectal cancer (CRC) (American Cancer Society, 2009a, 2009b). Despite a higher risk of CC and CRC among poor and African American patients (American Cancer Society, 2009a; American […]

Partnering With Safety-Net Primary Care Clinics: A Model to Enhance Screening in Low-Income Populations—Principles, Challenges, and Key Lessons (Cancer Disparities) Part 2

THE GET SCREENED PROGRAM Overview This ongoing project has three major aims: 1.    To improve cancer screening for all patients within practices serving low-income and minority patients. 2.    To eliminate racial and socioeconomic disparities in CRC and BC screening within the community. 3.    To examine the impact of the intervention on practice- and community-wide disparities […]

Hope and Life: Healthy Families Begin With Healthy Women (Cancer Disparities) Part 1

During the 1990s, the United States experienced a dramatic increase in immigration of Hispanic peoples, accounting for a significant proportion (40%) of the current Hispanic population. Hispanics are now considered to be the largest minority group in the United States, comprising over 42.7 million of the population (American Cancer Society, 2009). The diverse groups of […]

Hope and Life: Healthy Families Begin With Healthy Women (Cancer Disparities) Part 2

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Once the intervention was developed and piloted, the goal of the American Cancer Society-funded study was to investigate the effectiveness of Esperanza y Vida for reaching diverse members of the Latino population, to increase breast and cervical cancer knowledge and screening behaviors. Outcome efficacy was evaluated by a randomized controlled study […]

Hope and Life: Healthy Families Begin With Healthy Women (Cancer Disparities) Part 3

Screening Variations Table 15.6 displays the baseline screening adherence data by country of origin, which is significantly different among groups for CBE and mammography, ranging from a high of 62.0% for women from the Dominican Republic for mammograms, to a low of 33.3% for women from Mexico. Mammography adherence for women over age 40 also […]

A Decision-Support Intervention for Black Women Eligible for Adjuvant Systemic Therapy: Sisters Informing SistersSM About Breast Cancer Treatment—An Intervention to Reduce Treatment Disparities Part 1

Breast cancer is the leading cancer diagnosed in women and the second cause of cancer death (American Cancer Society, 2010). Over the next 5 years, approximately 100,000 African American women will be diagnosed with breast cancer. Unfortunately, a disproportionate number of these women will have less than optimal outcomes. Compared to White women, African American […]

A Decision-Support Intervention for Black Women Eligible for Adjuvant Systemic Therapy: Sisters Informing SistersSM About Breast Cancer Treatment—An Intervention to Reduce Treatment Disparities Part 2

Intervention Overview Figure 16.2 provides an overview of the Sisters Informing SistersSM (SIS) intervention. The intervention included an in-person coaching session, a patient guidebook, and detailed training and implementation materials for the interventionist. The interventionist (survivor coach) is integral to the success of the intervention. While it was decided to use peers, it was necessary […]

Prostate Cancer Patient Education Project (PCFEP): Prostate Cancer Symptom Management in Low-Literacy Men (Cancer Disparities) Part 1

Few psychosocial interventions exist for men living with prostate cancer (PCa), and none of these interventions has been developed to address survivorship concerns for men with low health literacy. In this topic, we describe the development and evaluation of Prostate Cancer Patient Education Project (PCP£P), a PCa patient-education program for men with low health literacy, […]

Prostate Cancer Patient Education Project (PCFEP): Prostate Cancer Symptom Management in Low-Literacy Men (Cancer Disparities) Part 2

THE BASIS OF PCpep PCpep resembles most closely the interventions developed by Lepore et al. (2003), Mishel et al. (2002), and Maliski et al. (2004). It includes a tailored telephone intervention with a defined symptom-management component similar to the intervention by Mishel et al. and the MS symptom-management program described above. Like the intervention by […]

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