Biology

Blotting To Carpel (Biology)

Blotting A technique used for transferring DNA, RNA, or protein from gels to a suitable binding matrix, such as nitrocellulose or nylon paper, while maintaining the same physical separation. Blue copper protein An electron transfer protein containing a type 1 copper site. Characterized by a strong absorption in the visible region and an EPR (electron […]

Carrel, Alexis To Cell wall (Biology)

Carrel, Alexis (1873-1944) French Surgeon Alexis Carrel was born in Lyons, France, on June 28, 1873, to a businessman, also named Alexis Carrel, who died when his son was very young. Carrel was educated at home by his mother Anne Ricard and at St. Joseph School, in Lyons. He received a bachelor of letters degree […]

Celsius, Anders To Chemiosmosis (Biology)

Celsius, Anders (1701-1744) Swedish Astronomer, Physicist Anders Celsius was a Swedish astronomer, physicist, and mathematician who introduced the Celsius temperature scale that is used today by scientists in most countries. He was born in Uppsala, Sweden, a city that has produced six Nobel Prize winners. Celsius was born into a family of scientists, all originating […]

Chemoautotroph (chemolithotroph) To Circadian rhythm (Biology)

Chemoautotroph (chemolithotroph) An organism that uses carbon dioxide as its carbon source and obtains energy by oxidizing inorganic substances. Chemoheterotroph Any organism that derives its energy by oxidizing organic substances for both a carbon source and energy. Chemoreceptor A sense organ, cell, or structure that detects and responds to chemicals in the air or in […]

Circular dichroism (CD) To Coefficient of variation (Biology)

Circular dichroism (CD) A spectroscopic method that measures the difference in absorbance of left- and right-handed circularly polarized light by a material as a function of the wavelength. Most biological molecules, including proteins and nucleic acids, are chiral and show circular dichroism in their ultraviolet absorption bands, which can be used as an indication of […]

Coelacanth To Compound eye (Biology)

Coelacanth A 400-million-year-old "living fossil," believed to have gone extinct 65 million years ago during the Cretaceous period and predating the dinosaurs by millions of years. The coelacanth was found alive in 1938 in South Africa. Today, Latimeria chalumnae and Latimeria menadoensis represent a once widespread family of sarcopterygian (fleshy-finned) coelacanth fishes. There are more […]

Comproportionation To Countercurrent exchange (Biology)

Comproportionation Describes a chemical reaction when a mixture of species in different oxidation states reacts to produce a product that is in a different but more stable intermediate oxidation state. A type of redox reaction. For example, when iodide ions and iodate ions react together, they form elemental iodine. The reverse of disproportionation. Light micrograph […]

Cournand, Andre-Frederic To Deciduous (Biology)

Cournand, Andre-Frederic (1895-1988) French Physiologist Andre-Frederic Cournand was born in Paris on September 24, 1895, to Jules Cournand, a stomatologist, and his wife Marguerite Weber. He received his early education at the Lycee Condorcet, received a bachelor’s degree at the Faculte des Lettres of the Sorbonne in 1913, and received a diploma of physics, chemistry, […]

Decomposers To Devonian period (Biology)

Decomposers A trophic level or group of organisms such as fungi, bacteria, insects, and others that as a group digest or break down organic matter (dead animals, plants, or other organic waste) by ingesting, secreting enzymes or other chemicals, and turning them into simpler inorganic molecules or compounds that are released back into the environment. […]

Diabetes mellitus To Double-blind study (Biology)

Diabetes mellitus An ailment characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from the body’s inability to use blood glucose for energy. There are two types. In type 1 diabetes, the pancreas ceases to make insulin, and blood glucose does not enter the cells to be used for energy. In type 2 diabetes, the pancreas fails to make sufficient […]

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