AAF - Advanced Authoring Format
ADI - CableLabs® Asset Distribution Interface Specification used for VoD metadata
AMDF - Average magnitude difference function used for pitch calculation
AMG - All Media Guide, provider of metadata services
ANNIE - A Nearly-New Information Extraction System
ASF - Microsoft’s Advanced Streaming Format
ASR - Automatic Speech Recognition
ATM - Asynchronous Transfer Mode – a networking technology providing guaranteed quality of service (QoS)
ATSC - Advanced Television Standards Committee
ATIS/IIF - Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions / IPTV Interoperability Forum
BiM - Binary format for MPEG-7 provides high compression of XML representations using the schema definition to remove the syntax redundancy and allows separate source coders to be used for sets of element or attribute values
CGM - Consumer generated media
CID - Content Identifier
CMML - Continuous Media Markup Language
CMS - Content management system
COV - Consumer originated video
CSP - Communications Service Provider
DAM - Digital asset management
DBMS - Database management system
DCT - Discrete cosine transform
DOM - Document Object Model: an interface for accessing HTML and XML in a tree structure; used from languages such as JavaScript (ECMAScript).
DMA - FCC defined metropolitan area for television / radio broadcasting, 210 in the US
DLNA - Digital living network alliance; develops standards for home media device interoperability
DVB - Digital video broadcasting
DVR - Digital video recorder
EMD - earth movers distance
ETSI - European Telecommunications Standards Institute
FAR - Frame aspect ratio
GATE - General Architecture for Text Engineering
Geoblocking - restricting content based on location (blackouts)
GMM - Gaussian mixture model
GoP - Group of pictures
GPS - Global positioning system
GXF - General exchange format
HMM - Hidden Markov model
IAR - Image aspect ratio K-Space – Knowledge Space
Lemmatize - Convert a word to its root form; a more advanced form of stemming.
LSCOM - Large-Scale Concept Ontology for Multimedia workshop sponsored by the Disruptive Technology Office (DTO)
LVCASR, LVASR, VLVASR – Large Vocabulary Continuous Automatic Speech Recognition, sometimes VLVASR for “Very_.” Continuous implies that the input speech waveforms are not segmented and may continue without interruption for many minutes. Also the “C” sometimes references “conversational” connoting a task with multiple speakers and differentiating from “read speech” – a less demanding task since there are fewer disfluencies, and better adherence to rules of grammar, etc.
MFCC - Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients, acoustic features used widely in speech signal processing
MIC - Memory in cassette, an NVRAM chip in a tape cassette for improving access time and storing metadata
MPEG - Moving Picture Experts Group, a working group of ISO/IEC charged with development of video and audio encoding standards.
MPF - Metadata Production Framework; Metadata Editor tools from NHK
NEE - Named entity extraction
NLP / NLU - Natural language processing / understanding refers to the study of computational linguistics typically with the goal of recovering some form of semantics or meaning from textual data
OCR - Optical character recognition
OTT - Over the top: delivery of video on the Internet without guaranteed QoS; may refer to download delivery or services like Joost that deliver a TV like experience a potential threat to Cable and IPTV VoD and service providers.
PAR - Pixel aspect ratio
PDA - Personal digital assistant
POS tagging - Part of speech tagging is the NLP operation of assigning tags to input text to classify words as parts of speech like nouns, verbs, etc.
QbH - Query by humming
QoS - quality of service; as opposed to best effort, QoS is provided by the network and used to guarantee bandwidth for streaming media delivery
SAP - Secondary audio program
SDP - Session description protocol for streaming media initialization, or service delivery platform for providers to deliver media services.
Semantic gap – low level extracted features vs. meaning, understanding
Square pixel - 1:1 PAR
SVG - Scaleable vector graphics
SVM - Support vector machine
TRECVID - TREC video retrieval evaluation, sponsored by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
TVML - TV program making language from NHK
UCC - User contributed content
UGC - User generated content
VDF - Virage Data Format
VSF - Video Services Forum
VXML - Vector markup language
WPL - Windows Play List: MS extensions to SMIL that allow for representing queries against media libraries, such as “play all with at least a three star rating”
WSX - SMIL with MS extensions
Zipf’s Law - a model with roots in NLP commonly used for describing the long tail phenomenon with regard to the popularity of VoD titles
