Compensation To Congestion (Aviation)

Compensationnoun money paid to an individual or organization to replace or make up for physical or financial loss o The company paid out $2 million in compensation to the families of those who lost their lives in the tragedy. compilationnoun the putting together of suitable information o The manual is a compilation of materials used by each of the instructors.

compileverb to put together a number of pieces of information o Aviation routine weather reports are compiled half-hourly or hourly at fixed times.

complementverb to fit in with and improve the performance of something o Ultra-sonic detection is used to complement other methods of flaw detection.

complementaryadjective the fact of fitting in with and improving the performance of something  SSR is complementary to the primary radars used by ATC.

completeadjective 1.containing all the parts it should contain o The centre section can be constructed either as a complete unit or as two separate units. 2. absolute and total ■ verb 1. to finish or make whole o The number of revolutions for the crankshaft to complete a full cycle is always two. □ complete the work to continue until the work is finished 2. to fill in information □ complete the flight plan to fill in the required information in the flight plan

completionnoun the satisfactory finishing of a task o It is important to carry out an inspection of an aircraft after completion of de-icing operations.

complex‘ adjective complicated and therefore possibly difficult to understand o Of all the pre-departure activities, route planning is one of the most complex. ■ noun 1. a whole made up of many different parts □ a cumulonimbus cloud complex a collection of cumulonimbus clouds forming a system 2. a building made up of many different parts □ the terminal three complex the main building and associated buildings which together make up terminal three complexitynoun the condition of being complex, or a complication o Up-to-date design does not necessarily mean structural complexity.

complicateverb to make more difficult o Map reading is often complicated by seasonal variations.

complicatedadjective not easy to understand

complicationnoun a difficulty or problem o The complication with the Mercator’s projection is that great circle directions must be converted to rhumb line directions by the application of conversion angle before they can be plotted.

complyverb to be or do what is required by an instruction or law o Equipment and furnishings of modern jet transports must comply with safety regulations. o Passengers must comply with the no-smoking signs. (note: complying – complied) componentnoun 1.a part of an aircraft, aircraft system or piece of equipment o The undercarriage is made up of a number of different components. 2. one part of a force such as wind which consists of a number of different parts 3. a substance which forms part of a compound composeverb to make something from a number of parts o The atmosphere is composed of a mixture of gases.

compositeadjective referring to something made up of a number of different parts composite material  The flight crew route flight plan is a composite document which serves as a navigation log. noun a lightweight but very strong man-made material used in aircraft manufacturing o To make a composite it is necessary to combine the reinforcing glass fibres with special glue or resin. (note: The word composite was originally an adjective, but through frequent usage the term composite material has been shortened to composite.) ‘Canadian Aerospace Group (CAG) is working with Pratt & Whitney Canada on a turboprop-powered version of its Wind eagle all-composite light aircraft’ [Flight International 16-22 July 1997] comment: Composites are used in the construction of many modern aircraft, from gliders to aircraft such as the Airbus A320, because they are strong and lighter than metals.

compositionnoun the make-up or structure of something □ composition of the atmosphere the combination of gases which make up the atmosphere

compoundadjective referring to something made up of two or more parts or substances ■ noun a substance made up of two or more components o A chemical compound has qualities that are different from those of the substances from which it is made. o Advances in sealing compounds have now made fuel tanks less liable to leaks.

compound wound generator

noun a generator which consists of a number of windings compressverb to put under pressure thereby reducing volume o Pressure is created when a fluid is compressed.

compressibilitynoun the natural ability of a substance to change volume when under varying pressures o In systems using very high pressure, the compressibility of the liquid becomes important.

compressibleadjective referring to something that can be compressed o Air is compressible, but water is not.

compressionnoun an act or instance of putting pressure on something

compression strokenoun the stage of an internal combustion cycle when the fuel/air mixture comes under pressure from the upward-moving piston compressiveadjective referring to forces caused by pressure on a surface o A strut is designed to withstand compressive loads.

compressive load‘laud/ noun a load caused by forces acting in opposite directions towards each other

compressive stressnoun the resistance of a body to crushing by two forces acting towards each other along the same straight line compressornoun a device such as a pump to compress air, in order to increase pressure o A shaft connects the turbine to the compressor. : axial

compriseverb to be made of (note: The correct use of comprise is often disputed. Some people regard it as a synonym for the verb consist of, while others believe it should be used in an opposite sense: a tank, pipes, a filter, a pump and a carburettor comprise the fuel system. It is sometimes used in its passive form: the fuel system is comprised of a number of different parts.)

concentrateverb 1.to collect in a particular place rather than spread around o Most of the mass of air is concentrated at the lowest levels of the atmosphere. 2. to give attention and thought to something in particular o This chapter concentrates on charts. □ to concentrate hard to give all one’s thought and attention to something

concentrationnoun 1. the fact of being collected in a particular place rather than spread around o The maximum concentration of ozone is between 20 and 25 km above the Earth’s surface. 2. the act of giving attention and thought to something  In

communicateverb to make contact with somebody in order to pass information o The cabin attendants should communicate with the captain.

communicationnoun the act of passing information to somebody usually, but not always, by using language o Two methods of communication are available to crew members — language and hand signals.

communication linknoun a telephone or radio connection, as between the ground crew and flight deck while an aircraft is preparing for departure

communicationsplural noun a system of passing information o satellite communications o VHF communications are allocated the frequency bracket 118— 137MHz.

Abbreviation comms

commutatornoun a device containing metal bars connected to the coils of a generator to produce electrical current o As the power output required is DC not AC, a commutator is fixed at one end of the armature.

compactadjective small, close together, or not taking much space o The annular system, as used on modern aircraft, provides a compact system, and, for the same output and mass flow, a shorter system. ■ verb 1. to make smaller or more dense by pressing 2. to compress, by driving over with heavy machinery o When taxiing on grass, aircraft wheels compact the earth as the aircraft moves over it.

compactionnoun the act of pressing things together to form one, or of compressing something to make it hard o The speed of impact when the aircraft passes through a snowstorm causes compaction of snow-flakes into a solid mass on leading edges and air-intakes.

comparableadjective possible to compare equally with something else o Titanium is nonmagnetic and has an electrical resistance comparable to that of stainless steel.

comparatornoun a device to compare two things o The autopilot comparator monitors the operation of the elevator and aileron channels.

compareverb to find the similarities and dissimilarities between two or more things o When the chart is properly orientated, it is easier to compare the distance between landmarks on the ground with their corresponding distances on the chart. o An aneroid barometer is small compared with a mercury barometer. (note: Compare with is regarded by some as better usage than compare to.)

comparisonnoun a statement expressing the differences and similarities between two or more things o A table showing a comparison of fixed points on various temperature scales is given on page three.

compartmentnoun a small space or area in a structure for a particular purpose o engine compartment □ crew compartment the area reserved for crew

compassnoun an instrument usually with a magnetic needle which always points to the magnetic north

compass bearingnoun a direction or position relative to a fixed point measured in degrees on a compass

compatibilitynoun the ability of a component to operate successfully with other components o Problems of compatibility caused the computerised system to malfunction.

compatibleadjective referring to a component or system which can be used with a different component or system without causing any problems o Computer software designed for one particular system may not be compatible with other systems.

compensateverb 1.to make up for the loss of something  The floor covering may be designed to compensate for temperature

conductive‘ adjective referring to the ability of a substance to allow heat or electricity to pass through o Steel is a conductive material. Land masses are less conductive than water.

conductivitynoun the ability of a material to allow heat or electricity to pass through o Because of the poor conductivity of air, heat is transferred from the Earth’s surface upwards by convection.

conductornoun a substance through which heat or electricity can pass o Water and steel are good conductors.

conenoun a solid body with a base in the shape of a circle, and with sides which narrow to a point, or any object which has that shape configurationnoun the pattern or way in which things are arranged □ configuration of an aircraft’s fuel tank system the way in which the tanks are laid out confine/ verb 1. to limit to a particular area o Cooling is confined to the air in contact with the ground. o The damage was confined to a small area. 2. to limit to a given subject □ the report confines itself to the incident of 3rd January the report deliberately does not mention anything other than the incident of the 3rd January confinedadjective limited, small □ a confined space a small defined space which does not allow free movement

confirmverb to agree that something is correct, or to repeat it to remove any uncertainty o The attitude indicator shows that the aircraft is in a nose down attitude and the increasing airspeed confirms that the aircraft is not in level flight. o Can you confirm that the instructor was flying the aircraft at the time of the collision? o VHF and/or UHF radio aids confirm ADF bearings.

Comment: Cross-checking of certain flight instruments is used to confirm readings from other instruments, e.g. the airspeed indicator and vertical speed indicator confirm pitch information from the attitude indicator.

conformverb to correspond to required standards Fuels must conform to strict requirements. □ to conform to regulations to do what is required by rules and regulations conformaladjective representing angles, bearings, etc., correctly o Lambert’s conformal projection

Congestionnoun a situation where there are too many people or vehicles in a confined space for them to be able to move freely o When leaving the aircraft in an emergency, to avoid congestion, passengers should be directed to move away from exits quickly.