Capillary To Chalk (Aviation)

Capillary‘ noun a very fine or narrow tube capillary action capillary flow  noun the action by which a liquid rises up a narrow tube

Capsulenoun a small closed container

Captainnoun the person in charge of an aircraft o The captain asked all passengers to remain seated until the aircraft had come to a stop.

captiveadjective not free to move

captive balloon noun a balloon which, when in flight, is attached to the ground by a long cable carbonnoun 1. a non- metallic element, which is a component of living matter and organic chemical compounds and is found in various forms, e.g. as diamonds or charcoal 2. a black material with good electrical properties

Carbon brushnoun a small, replaceable, carbon block found in electric motors, generators and alternators, which provides the passage of electric current

carbon deposits plural noun residues of burnt oil deposited in the combustion chamber, etc., in the course of the combustion process o Carbon deposits on a spark-plug electrode may cause misfiring.

carbon dioxide noun a colourless, odourless, non-toxic gas found in the atmosphere, and also used in fire extinguishers and fizzy drinks o Carbon dioxide can be solidified at low temperature to produce dry ice. Symbol CO₂ carbon fibrenoun a thin, light and very strong strand of pure carbon which can be combined with other materials to make them stronger

carbon monoxide noun a colourless but poisonous gas from incomplete combustion found in the exhausts of spark ignition engines.

Symbol CO carburationnoun the process of mixing fuel with air in a carburettor o Carburation must ensure that rapid and complete burning will take place within the cylinder.

carburettornoun a device for mixing air with fuel in the right quantities before combustion o Most carburettors are installed so that they are in a warm position.

carburettor heat noun a system for keeping the carburettor and associated components free of ice

carburettor icing noun a process by which, under particular conditions, ice forms in the venturi tube of the carburettor cardioid‘ adjective shaped like a heart o The cardioid polar diagram of the magnetic field around a bar-magnet.

carouselnoun a rotating platform from where arriving passengers can pick up their baggage o Baggage from flight AC123 is on carousel No 4.

carriagenoun the act of carrying o Regulations require the carriage of life-rafts when flying over water.

carriernoun 1. a person or organisation that carries people or goods from one place to another o Individual carriers assign codes to aircraft. 2. a frame or bag in which objects can be carried

carrier wavenoun a radio signal that is transmitted continuously at a constant amplitude and frequency o Amplitude modulation has only one pair of usable sidebands each at about one sixth of the signal strength of the carrier.

carryverb to take somebody or something from one place to another o The aircraft was carrying 120 passengers. (note: carrying – carried)

cartridgenoun a removable unit for an air filter o Cabin air filters normally consist of a casing, housing a replaceable filter cartridge. CAS abbreviation 1. calibrated airspeed 2. controlled airspace casenoun 1. an outer covering, housing or jacket o Cooling air is directed through passages in the engine case to control engine case temperature. 2. an example, situation or circumstance o In some special cases, e.g. for landing and take-off, wind directions are measuredfrom magnetic north.

casingnoun a cover that encloses a piece of equipment, etc. o Annular and outer air casing form a tunnel around the spine of the engine.

CATabbreviation clear air turbulence

catastrophenoun a very bad event or accident, a disaster o the recent air catastrophe off the Nova Scotia coast.Although the family were not at home when it happened, the crash which destroyed their house was a catastrophe for them.

catastrophicadjective terrible, disastrous o In a catastrophic accident where many persons may be disabled, those who show signs of life should be rescued first. categorisecategorize verb to put into groups, classes or categories o Figure 2 categorises the types of wave by frequency band.Aircraft can be categorised by weight, number of engines, role, etc. categorynoun an official class or group o Load factors vary depending on the category of aircraft. cathodenoun a negative electrode or terminal o The cathode is a metal cylinder fitted with an internal heater. 

cathode ray tube noun a high-vacuum tube in which cathode rays produce an image on a screen such as a TV screen o Electronic indicating systems show engine indications, systems monitoring and crew alerting functions on one or more cathode ray tubes or liquid crystal displays mounted in the instrument panel. Abbreviation CRT causenoun something that makes something else happen, a reason o If the ammeter shows a high state of charge after start up, it is quite normal and no cause for alarm. verb to make something happen o Air in the fuel line can cause an engine to flame-out or stop.

cautionnoun 1. advice or a warning to be careful o If a problem occurs in the spoiler system, a master caution light illuminates. 2. care o Proceed with caution.

Cavitationnoun the formation of vapour-filled cavities or holes in liquids and gases, caused by low pressure or high speed o Most reservoirs are pressurised to provide a positive fluid pressure at the pump inlet and thus prevent cavitation and the formation of bubbles.

Cavitynoun a hole Deicing fluid flows into the cavity in the distributor panels before passing through the porous steel outer skin. CB abbreviation cumulonimbus ccabbreviation cubic centimetres cd symbol candela

CDI abbreviation course deviation indicator ceaseverb to stop o If fuel, oxygen or heat is removed from the fire triangle, combustion will cease.

Ceilingnoun 1. the highest point 2. the greatest pressure height that can be reached o The aircraft has a ceiling of50,000ft.

celestialadjective refer ring to the sky □ celestial navigation

navigation by using the stars in the sky cellnoun 1. a system of positive and negative plates for storage of electricity that form a battery o A battery is a device which converts chemical energy into electrical energy and is made up of a number of cells. 2. the central part of a thunder cloud o The life cycle of the thunderstorm cell ends when the downdraughts have spread throughout the cloud.

Celsiusnoun a scale for measuring temperature in which water freezes at 0° and boils at 100°. Symbol C. Compare Fahrenheit centernoun, verb US same as centre

centerlinenoun US same as centreline

centigradenoun a scale for measuring temperature in which water freezes at 0° and boils at 100°. Symbol C. Compare Fahrenheit centimetrenoun a measure of length that is equal to one hundredth of a metre (note: 2.54 cm = 1 inch.)

centraladjective located in the centre or in the middle o The control knob is moved from the central position.

Central Flow Management Unit (Brussels)

noun a central agency in Brussels that is responsible for air traffic management throughout the area controlled by the ECAC

centralisecentralize verb to put into the centre or into the middle position o The operating jack centralises the control surface after the turn.

Central Standard Time noun the time zone of the east-central part of the USA and Canada, 6 hours behind GMT centrenoun 1. the middle

The plane of the great circle passes through the centre of a sphere. □ centre of a circle mid-point of a circle, point in the middle of a circle 2. a main building or office o Area Forecasting Centre ■ verb to move to a central position o Centre the control column. (note: centred – centring; the US English is centered – centering.)

centre fixnoun same as self-positioning

Centrelinenoun a painted or imaginary line running along the centre of the runway (note: It is also written centre line; written centerline in US English.)

centre of gravity noun the point at which a body can be balanced o Distribution of the tanks and the fuel in the tanks is vital in maintaining the aircraft centre of gravity and trim.

Abbreviation CG

Comment: If the centre of gravity is outside the limits, the aircraft may be difficult or impossible to control.

centrifugalsen adjective moving away from the centre o The blades must be strong enough to carry the centrifugal loads due to rotation at high speed.

centrifugal force noun outward force caused by turning motion

centrifugenoun a device which uses centrifugal force to separate or remove liquids ■ verb to separate liquids by using centrifugal force o The rotating vanes of the breather centrifuge the oil from the mist.

centripetalsen adjective moving towards the centre

centripetal force noun inward, centre-seeking force working in opposition to centrifugal force o The magnitude of the centripetal force varies with the square of the wind speed. o In a turn, lift provides the centripetal force.

certain‘ adjective 1. particular, some o in certain areas o at certain times o under certain circumstances 2. sure There are certain to be horizontal differences in the mean temperature of a layer. □ to make certain to make sure o Make certain that the parking brake is on before doing engine run-up checks.

certificate nounan official document which states that particular facts are true verb to award or give a certificate □ aircraft which are certificated for flight aircraft which have the necessary paperwork to be authorised to fly certificate of airworthiness noun a document issued by an aviation authority stating that an aircraft meets specific safety and performance requirements that allow it to be used in service o An authorised person may require production of the Certificate of Airworthiness.

Abbreviation C of A certificationnoun the process of giving certificates o The inferential method of ice detection is used on flight trials for certification of aircraft.

certifyverb to authorise or permit the use of something o The aircraft is certified for aerobatic flight. CFI abbreviation chief flying instructor CFMU abbreviation Central Flow Management Unit

CFRP abbreviation carbon fibre reinforced plastic

Chalknoun a soft white lime stone rock that may be used in powder form or as a shaped stick for writing with  Oil, which is trapped in the defects, is absorbed by the chalk thus indicating their positions. chambernoun a small enclosed compartment chandellenoun a steep climbing turn in which an aircraft almost stalls as it uses momentum to increase its rate of climb channelnoun a special frequency band for the transmission of radio signals o The system operates on VHF communications between 118 and 135.95 MHz giving 360 channels at 50 kHz spacing.