Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 8.14 Sums of the concentrations of PCNs, PCBs, and PAHs in urban soils of Bayreuth
and rural soils under different land use (medians and ranges) (Krauss and Wilcke
2003
)
Land use
n
R35 PCNs (lg/kg)
R12 PCBs (lg/kg)
R20 PAHs (lg/kg)
Median
Range
Median
Range
Median
Range
Urban sites
Alluvial
grassland
10
1.6
0.35-5.7
14.8
3.3-58.1
2.7
0.38-20.7
House garden
10
3.6
0.29-15.4
14.8
2.8-158
10.9
0.81-17.7
Park
9
0.46
0.10-3.1
5.5
0.82-13.7
1.9
0.76-10.5
Roadside
9
0.90
0.28-4.7
14.3
2.2-91.9
2.3
0.63-186
Industrial
7
1.9
0.67-15.0
21.9
2.3-70.2
10.3
2.4-48.9
nd
a
-0.51
Agricultural
4
0.10
1.6
1.1-7.6
0.64
0.28-2.2
Urban area
49
1.3
nd-15.4
13.0
0.82-158
3.4
0.28-186
City center
b
17
0.74
0.23-7.4
8.7
1.5-20.7
2.7
0.63-20.7
Outskirts
b
14
0.92
nd-5.6
10.3
0.82-58.1
1.2
0.28-7.2
Rural sites
Agriculture
6
0.13
nd-0.29
1.6
1.1-2.6
0.30
0.19-0.69
Alluvial
grassland
3
0.44
0.07-0.82
1.8
1.3-5.0
0.37
0.16-2.1
Rural area
9
0.13
nd-0.82
1.7
1.1-5.0
0.34
0.16-2.1
a
Not detected
b
Without house gardens, industrial sites, and roadside soil
within the city of Bayreuth (Germany) and 9 agricultural soils in the vicinity of the
city. It was found that PCN concentrations were five times lower in the rural area
than in the central part of the city, characterized by the same natural soil.
Table
8.14
shows PCN concentrations in comparison with polychlorinated
biphenyls (PCBs) and PAHs found in both urban and rural soils. The human
impact on soil contamination is confirmed by the highest concentrations occurring
in industrial sites and in house gardens. The increase in PCN ad PCB concen-
trations in the rural soils may be explained by the more volatile lower molecular
weight compounds being easily transported in gaseous phase from urban to rural
areas (Krauss and Wilcke
2003
).
References
Alexander M (2000) Aging, bioavailability and overestimation of risk from environmental
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Appel C, Ma QL, Rhue RD, Reve W (2008) Sequential sorption of lead and cadmium in three
tropical soils. Environ Pollut 155:132-140
Babiarz CL, Hurley JP, Hoffman SR, Andren AW, Shafer MM, Armstrong DE (2001)
Partitioning of total mercury and methylmercury to the colloidal phase in freshwaters.
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