Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class: Liliopsida
Order: Alismatales Family: Najadaceae
Common name: Holly-leaved naiad, spiny naiad
Distribution: Worldwide distribution
Habitat: Freshwater and brackish water ponds
Description: This is a perennial species growing to a maximum height of
50 cm. The stem is slender and branched. The tough, narrow, and evenly
spaced leaves (4 cm × 3 mm) are edged with very small saw-like teeth.
Many dioecious lowers are present in the leaf axis.
Compounds and activities: The methanol extracts of the whole plant showed
antibacterial activities against
Staphylococcus aureus
, and the MIC value
was found to be 0.031 mg/ml (Jani et al., 2012).
NAJAS GRAMINEA
DELITE
Phylum: Magnoliophyta
Class: Liliopsida
Order: Alismatales
Family: Najadaceae
Common name: Rice ield water-nymph
Distribution: Temperate areas of world: Southern Europe to Eastern Asia
Habitat: Ponds, rice ields, still or slow-moving waters
Description: This species grows to a maximum height of 30 cm, and its lowers
are monoecious; i.e., both male and female lowers are in the same plant.
Compounds and activities: Ninety-ive percent ethanolic, the extract of this
species showed antibacterial properties against Gram-positive bacteria such
as
Bacillus cereus
and
Staphylococcus aureus
, and the values of diameter
of inhibition zone (mm ± SD) in these bacterial species were 0.20 ± 0.45
and 0.32 ± 0.46, respectively (Hamkrasri, 2011). Its methanolic and ethano-
lic extracts have also shown high antioxidant (scavenging) activities.
