Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
As a group indicating a positive response for vascular smooth
muscle pathology, this becomes a more potent assessment meth-
odology. It is possible therefore that the profound vasospasm and
vascular remodeling that occurs during vasospasm has resulted in
some death or dumping of cytosolic contents from vascular smooth
muscle cells as observed by the protein contents.
As partially discussed previously in this paper, there is a growing
body of literature suggesting that the immune system as well as
reactive oxygen species is a contributory factor to complications
observed postsubarachnoid hemorrhage. Therefore, families that
capture these events, including proteins and related pathways, are
suggested to be important in evaluating patients postsubarachnoid
hemorrhage. We call the readers' attention to proteins, such as
catalase and clusterin of the complement system as well as SOD to
be active in the subarachnoid hemorrhage patients (
39
).
For each of the families discussed above, we can characterize a
cause or effect scenario concerning the hemorrhage and resultant
vasospasm as refl ected in the CSF. Thus, we are confi dent that a
combined analysis of families refl ecting mechanisms involved in the
pathogenesis following subarachnoid hemorrhage will be a powerful
tool in assessing, diagnosing, and treating these patients.
3.1. Technology
Advancement
Importantly, as new technologies become more prevalent new
markers may be eligible for evaluating and assessing the subarach-
noid hemorrhage patient. With technologies, such as genomics,
genetics, proteomics, metabolomics, immunomics, and physiom-
ics, it is diffi cult to continuously modify diagnostic strategy and
criteria. However, if the new technologies produce results that can
fi t into the families and/or with additional families of pathophysi-
ological responses, then an evaluation of the subarachnoid hemor-
rhage patient can progress quickly. For example, if proteomics
produces results concerning proteins, enzymes, phosphoproteions,
metaloproteins, and coenzymes, then these can be categorized
according to the families of responses described above as well as
new families. Genomics is the study of the mRNA produced by
cells in response to their environment. Sharp et al. (
40-42
) has
shown that genomics has characteristic and familial responses to
pathophysiologic stresses following stroke. This work has shown
that not only can ischemic stroke be diagnosed but also the cause
of the ischemic stroke can be characterized.
While perhaps a bit puerile, let me clearly differentiate “state of the
art” versus “cutting edge” for this discussion. State of the art is
what is done now. When a cutting edge technology is adopted by
the medical community, it is no longer cutting edge and becomes
state of the art. So we might talk about a cutting edge technology
that is paradigm shifting. For this discussion that would be a brand
new technology that will change the way we do business.
3.2. Current State
of the Art and
Cutting Edge
Search WWH ::
Custom Search