Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
(D)
(E)
Plate 4.38
(
Continued
)
of
P. schotti
Boulenger, 1896 (
P. patagoniensis
, Hoge, 1964) as moderately vascular,
with many thin trabeculae and an associated mucous-secreting supralabial gland. He
also reported a thick capsule and an absence of intraglandular mucous-secreting cells
(Taub, 1967). A morphological-histochemical study of Duvernoy's gland cytology
of
P. patagoniensis
showed that acini of the gland were formed by seromucous cells
containing neutrally staining mucosubstance and protein radicals (Lopes et al., 1982).
Several calcium-binding proteins with molecular masses of 17, 28, and 67 kDa were
detected in the Duvernoy's glands of
P. patagoniensis
(Goncalves et al., 1997).
4.2.2.2 Summary of the Toxinology and Properties of Duvernoy's Secretion
from
Philodryas
spp.
The yield of Duvernoy's secretions from
Philodryas
spp. is unknown. In a study
using pilocarpine stimulation to boost extracted yields (quantities were unreported),
Duvernoy's secretions from specimens of
P. olfersii
and
P. patagoniensis
contained
between 75% and 90% protein (da Rocha and de Furtado, 2007). These authors
reported approximate murine i.v. LD
50
of 3 mg/kg for both species. Assakura et al.
(1992) reported a murine i.p. LD
50
of 2.79 mg/kg for Duvernoy's secretion from
P. olfersii
, and a murine minimal hemorrhagic dose of 0.5 μg/mouse for Duvernoy's
secretion from
P. olfersii
. Similarly, rapidly acting hemorrhagic activity and a mini-
mum edematogenic dose of about 1 μg/mouse were reported for Duvernoy's secretion
from
P. olfersii
and
P. patagoniensis
(da Rocha and de Furtado, 2007). Acosta de Pérez
et al. (2003) reported a much higher murine minimal edematogenic dose (310 μg) for
P. olfersii
Duvernoy's secretion. Further, using the murine model, no defibrinating
