Circadian Organization of the Immune Response: Rat Adjuvant Arthritis as a Model - New Insights to Neuroimmune Biology - page 122

Table 6.3 Summary of Changes in Circadian Rhythms of Hypothalamic,
Hypophysial, and Pineal Hormones and Neurotransmitters during the
Acute (18th day) Phase of Freund's Adjuvant Arthritis in Rats

24-Hour Rhythms Amplitude Acrophase Mean

Acute Phase
Serum
ACTH Suppression of rhythm Suppression of rhythm Augmented

FSH Unchanged Unchanged Unchanged

LH Suppression of rhythm Suppression of rhythm Decreased

Prolactin Unchanged Unchanged Unchanged

Testosterone Suppression of rhythm Suppression of rhythm Decreased

GH Absence of rhythm Absence of rhythm Decreased

TSH Suppression of rhythm Suppression of rhythm Unchanged

Anterior hypothalamus
NE

Suppression of rhythm Suppression of rhythm Unchanged

DA turnover Suppression of rhythm Suppression of rhythm Unchanged

Medial hypothalamus
NE

Unchanged Unchanged Unchanged

DA turnover Induction of rhythm Induction of rhythm Unchanged

Posterior hypothalamus
NE Unchanged Unchanged Unchanged

DA turnover Suppression of rhythm Suppression of rhythm Unchanged

Adenohypophysis
DA Suppression of rhythm Suppression of rhythm Unchanged

Neurointermediate lobe
NE Unchanged Unchanged Unchanged

DA Unchanged Unchanged Unchanged

Pineal gland
Melatonin

Decreased Unchanged Decreased

NE Unchanged Unchanged Unchanged

5-HT turnover Decreased Unchanged Decreased

suppressed or disrupted in arthritic rats. Concerning GH, the depressed mean val-
ues found in the preclinical phase of arthritis also persisted during the acute phase,
as was the case for the changes in catecholamine transmitter activity [109] . Twenty-
four-hour variations in dopamine (DA) content were blunted in the anterior hypophy-
sial lobe, but remained unaltered in the neurointermediate lobe [109] . Disruption of