Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
tion reduced, especially on hindwings; wings
with long hair fringes; female ovipositor short
and fleshy. Larvae wedge-shaped and virtually
apodous (vestigial legs present on meso- and
metathorax, abdominal prolegs small and
without crochets); usually leaf miners, pu-
pating externally in small, parchment-like
cocoons.
EXAMPLE:
Stigmella malella
(apple pygmy
moth).
ally with up to five pairs of crochet-bearing
abdominal prolegs. Pupae obtect, without func-
tional mandibles.
Superfamily COSSOIDEA
7. Family COSSIDAE
(p. 203
et seq.)
A
relatively primitive group of large moths.
Adults with no proboscis; frenulum usually well
developed. Larvae stout-bodied, with large man-
dibles and a well-developed prothoracic plate;
crochets biordinal or triordinal, arranged in a
complete circle. Larvae are wood-borers in tree
trunks, stems or branches.
EXAMPLES:
Cossinae -
Cossus cossus
(goat
moth); Zeuzerinae -
Zeuzera pyrina
(leopard
moth).
5. Family TISCHERIIDAE
A small group of very small moths with narrow,
pointed wings. Larvae flat-bodied with reduced
thoracic legs and vestigial abdominal prolegs.
Individuals feed in blotch-like, silk-lined leaf
mines; pupation occurs within the mine, from
which the pupa protrudes following emergence
of the adult.
EXAMPLE:
Tischeria margined
(a leaf miner on
raspberry).
Superfamily
TINEOIDEA
An extremely large and varied group of small to
medium-sized moths, including clothes moths
(family Tineidae), various leaf miners and stem
miners; wings typically elongate, with long hair
fringes.
Superfamily INCURVARIOIDEA
6. Family INCURVARIIDAE
(p. 203)
A diverse group of often day-flying, metallic-
looking moths, including several with particu-
larly well-developed (often very long) antennae,
especially in males. Larvae, when young, are
often leaf miners; later, those of many species
inhabit portable cases made of leaf fragments;
crochets rudimentary and arranged in a single
transverse band.
EXAMPLE:
Lampronia
8. Family TINEIDAE
A large group of small moths, associated mainly
with dried animal or plant material. Proboscis of
adult short or absent; head rough-haired; maxil-
lary palps often very long.
EXAMPLES:
Tineola biselliella
(common clothes
moth),
Nemapogon granella
(corn moth).
rubiella
(raspberry
moth).
9. Family LYONETIIDAE
(p. 204)
Suborder DITRYSIA
Adults without functional mandibles; venation
of forewings and hindwings different; forewings
without a fibula or a jugum; hindwings usually
with a frenulum; females with one genital open-
ing on the eighth and one on the ninth abdominal
segments. Larval form extremely variable, usu-
A small group of leaf miners; adults usually with
mainly white forewings, the wings with long hair
fringes. Larvae are leaf miners and more or less
moniliform, with a complete circle of crochets on
each abdominal proleg.
EXAMPLES:
Cemiostominae
-
Leucoptera
malifoliella
(pear
leaf
blister
moth);
