Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Williams H, Wikström F. Environmental impact of packaging and food
losses in a life cycle perspective: a comparative analysis of five food items. J
Clean Prod 2011;19:43-48.
WHO. (2003). Styrene in Drinking Water; Background Document for
Development of WHO Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality. World
Health Organization. Report WHO/SDE/WSH/03.04/27. Geneva: World
Health Organization.
Yarwood J, Eagan P.
Design for Environment Toolkit: A Competitive Edge
for the Future
. St. Paul, MN: Minnesota Office of Environmental
Assistance and Minnesota Technical Assistance Program 1998.
Notes
1
A recent innovation is “boxed water” packaged in paperboard cartons
(Boxed Water is Better, 2014).
2
Infact,40-60%ofbottledwaterinUnitedStatesisreprocessedtapwater!
Unlike the tap water, which is regulated by the USEPA, bottled water is
regulated by the FDA, under less stringent guidelines.
3
Carton recovery rate is low as it is generally mixed with food waste. In
curbside collection, cartons should be placed for collection with plastics/
glass and metal, not waste paper.
4
Some examples are the packaging of red meat packed in 70:30 mixture
of O
2
: CO
2
, ready-to-eat meals in 70:30 mixture of N
2
:CO
2
, and seafood
including white fish in 30:40:30 mix of O
2
:CO
2
:N
2
(
Air Products (1995):
The freshline guide to MAP
).
5
Photovoltaic modules incorporate materials that need to be maintained
under very low humidity over extended durations. Transparent plastic
films with WVTR approximately 5 × 10
5
(g/m
2
/day) are available for the
application.
6
The National Human Adipose Tissue Survey for 1986 identified styrene
residues in 100% of all samples of human fat tissue taken in 1982 in the
United States.
