Safety and safety planning - Tunnel Engineering: Basics and Additional Services for Design and Construction - page 303

The site coordinators also supervise the works of the contractors regarding health and
safety and give the employers (or their managers employed on site) the appropriate in-
structions.
Of course this activity of the site coordinators should not and must not be seen and per-
formed separately from the actual construction works, particularly in tunnelling. Parallel
to these safety tasks, it also seems appropriate for the site coordinators on a tunnelling
project to look after quality assurance and environmental protection. This has been imple-
mented in the German construction site regulations (BaustellV).
8.2.3 Directive 93/15/EEC
- on the harmonization of the provisions relating to the placing on the market and
supervision of explosives for civil uses -
In every state of the European Union, explosives for civil purposes are subject to exten-
sive regulations, particularly that explosives may only be placed on the market after an
approval has been issued, which is based on a series of tests.
In order to harmonise the different regulations in the individual states, while still maintain-
ing a high level of protection, basic provisions are laid down in the directive that have to
be complied with in the conformity testing of explosives. The regulation of these basic
requirements has not yet taken place, but is described as desirable and necessary and de-
manded. The appropriate standards are currently being produced by CEN, the European
Committee for Standardization.
The directive describes as explosive those substances and objects, which are considered to
be explosives according to the “Recommendations of the United Nations for the transport
of hazardous goods” and are classified in class 1 in these recommendations (so munitions
also belong to the scope of application of the directive).
The basic requirement is that no state may forbid, limit or hinder the placing on the market
of explosive substances, which comply with the directive.
The explosives must since the 1 st January 2003 be marked with a CE mark and be subject-
ed to a conformity evaluation, and must comply with basic requirements for operational
safety.
The CE mark is to be legibly and permanently applied, if this is possible, directly to the
explosive and otherwise on the packaging.
8.2.4 Directive 98/37/EC
- on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to machinery -
Particularly in mechanised tunnelling, the demand for safe, ergonomic and humane work-
ing places can be realised better than in conventional tunnelling. The demand to base deci-
sions on cost-effectiveness has to be balanced against the needs of occupational and health
protection, the protection of the environment and quality assurance.
Construction and equipment. The EU machinery directive 98/37/EC applies to the con-
cerns of occupational safety in mechanised tunnelling, and this has been implemented 1:1