Safety and safety planning - Tunnel Engineering: Basics and Additional Services for Design and Construction - page 302

Coordination is of course not just limited to the design phase. The health and safety plan is
to be updated with the progress of the works in order to reflect circumstances, which could
not have been foreseen during the design phase.
According to the principle that the responsible party is liable for the consequences, it is
primarily the client, the appointed “project supervisor” and thus indirectly also the ap-
pointed consultant who are involved in the responsibility for the safety of the workers on
the site [177].
The client or the appointed project manager appoints health and safety coordinators for
the construction preparation phase (project coordinators) and for the construction phase
(site coordinators) [178]. The client or the project manager also has to ensure that a health
and safety plan is produced (normally by the project coordinator) before the start of works.
The health and safety plan includes details of the essential protection measures that are
applicable to the tunnel project.
The client or the project manager, and thus also the appointed consultant, also take into
consideration all the principles for the avoidance of danger to health and safety during the
course of the technical and organisational planning and in the estimation of the forecast
duration of the works.
This means that the necessary protection measures, both for workers engaged in construc-
tion and for workers later engaged in maintenance work, are already considered during the
planning and design of the tunnel project.
The Project Coordinators. The task of the project coordinators is to coordinate the ap-
plication of the measures described above during the planning phase.
One other task is to produce a health and safety plan (or have it produced), in which the char-
acteristic provisions for the site are included as well as specific measures for particularly dan-
gerous works, above all dealing with explosives but also support measures for the tunnel. This
health and safety plan is undoubtedly to be understood as a continuation of and supplement
to the construction schedule and construction logistics, but with special consideration of the
dangers from spatially and temporally overlapping works by the various contractors. Further
items in the health and safety plan will be the layout of transport routes, access for rescue and
fire service vehicles and a catastrophe emergency response plan (see also Section 8.3).
This health and safety plan should in every case be made known to all contracting compa-
nies and should ideally be part of each tender.
The project coordinators also produce a file concerning health and safety protection, which
can be referred to for the implementation of later works such as maintenance or repair and
also tunnel enlargement.
The Site Coordinators. One of the tasks of the site coordinator is to coordinate the gen-
eral principles of health and safety with the contracting companies, the measures intended
by each company as a result of their determination of dangers, and thus to have a coordi-
nating role in the production of the detailed schedule.
Further tasks are the practical implementation of the health and safety plan and the file for
later works - including any updating that may be necessary - and the organisation of col-
laboration and coordination of the activities between the contracting companies.