Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Fig. 9.6 The share of the total costs for the SMES (data taken from Luongo et al. [
14
])
The major cost contribution to the superconducting magnetic energy storage
system comes from the superconducting coil (material and manufacturing). This
can also be seen in Fig.
9.6
, which shows the cost breakdown presented by Luongo
in 2001 [
14
]. In this case the superconducting magnet has a toroidal structure for
storage of 535 MJ, with peak magnetic
ux density of 8.1 T. As can be seen from
Fig.
9.6
, the majority of the cost contribution of the system is caused by the
superconducting magnet with its structure and wires.
Note that the operating costs of the cryogenic cooling system are actually very
low compared to the capital costs, and also the total ef
fl
ciency of the supercon-
ducting magnetic storage system will be very high and in the range from 85 to 90 %
or even higher, which shows that the cryogenic system, especially for larger sys-
tems, will not have a drastic effect on the overall ef
ciency.
In the article of Zhu et al. [
15
], a preliminary study of Superconducting Magnetic
Energy Storage (SMES) system design and a cost analysis for the power-grid
application was presented. They also showed the costs of such systems calculated on
the basis of the commercial price of superconductors. Table
9.5
shows the cost
estimation for different SMES. The costs in Table
9.5
relate only to superconductors.
Table 9.5 Specication and costs of different scales of SMES systems [
15
]
1.2 kJ
(solenoid)
1.6 MJ
(solenoid)
1.3 MJ
(toroid)
1GJ
(toroid)
Inner radius (mm)
45
200
80
340
Outer radius (mm)
68
280
120
860
Height (mm)
24
120
/
/
Total length of superconducting
tape (km)
0.17
12
5
533
1.4
×
10
4
1.02
×
10
6
4.25
×
10
5
4.5
×
10
7
COST (US$)
Unit price (US$J
−
1
)
1.4
0.64
0.33
0.045
Search WWH ::
Custom Search