Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
other,.and.the.networks.became.looser,.which.provided.the.diffusion.of.drug.molecules.
into. the. buffer. solutions.. With. regard. to. the. effect. of. cross-linking. time,. increasing. the.
cross-linking.time.resulted.in.decreasing.the.RK.release.rate.and.the.percentage.of.release.
of. RK.. In. addition,. a. gelatin/PVA. ratio. of. 7/3. had. a. slightly. higher. release. rate. than. a.
gelatin/PVA.ratio.of.9/1..This.could.be.due.to.the.higher.solubility.of.PVA.in.buffer.solu-
tion..From.these.results,.Yang.et.al..concluded.that.the.RK.release.rate.could.be.tailored.by.
changing.the.content.of.RK.in.gelatin/PVA.nanoibers,.the.ratio.of.gelatin.and.PVA,.and.
the.cross-linking.time.by.glutaraldehyde.vapor.
79
Curcumin.from.the.plant.
Curcuma longa
.is.widely.used.for.antitumor,.antioxidant,.and.
anti-inlammatory. applications.. Electrospun. cellulose. acetate. iber. mats. loaded. with.
curcumin.(i.e.,.5-20.wt%).were.fabricated.
81
.The.average.diameters.of.the.obtained.cur-
cumin-loaded.CA.ibers.were.between.~314.and.~340.nm..The.release.characteristics.of.
curcumin.from.the.curcumin-loaded.CA.iber.mats.were.investigated.by.total.immersion.
and.transdermal.diffusion.through.a.pig.skin.method,.in.comparison.with.solvent-cast.
ilms..In.both.methods,.the.amount.of.curcumin.released.from.the.electrospun.iber.mats.
was.higher.than.that.from.the.as-cast.ilms..Moreover,.the.free.radical.scavenging.ability.
of.the.curcumin-loaded.CA.iber.mats.was.retained,.even.though.they.had.been.subjected.
to. a. high. electrical. potential. during. electrospinning.
81
. Sikareepaisan. et. al.
82
. fabricated.
electrospun. gelatin. iber. mats. containing. a. methanolic. crude. extract. (mCA). of.
Centella
asiatica
(L.). Urban.. Different. amounts. of. the. herbal. extracts. (i.e.,. 5-30. wt%). were. incor-
porated.in.the.gelatin.iber.mats..The.obtained.as-spun.ibers.had.an.average.diameter.
in.the.range.of.226-232.nm..Due.to.the.instability.of.gelatin.ibers.in.releasing.medium,.
cross-linked.mCA-loaded.electrospun.gelatin.ibers.were.needed..The.release.character-
istics.of.asiaticoside.from.the.mCA-loaded.gelatin.iber.mats.were.investigated.by.using.
the.total.immersion.method.in.an.acetate.buffer.and.a.buffer.that.contained.10.vol%.of.
methanol..The.results.were.compared.with.those.from.corresponding.solvent-cast.ilms..
Sikareepaisan. et. al.. reported. the. cumulative. release. proile. of. asiaticoside. from. mCA-
loaded.materials.in.two.different.manners:.based.on.the.unit.weight.of.the.actual.amount.
of.asiaticoside.present.in.the.specimens.and.based.on.the.unit.weight.of.the.specimens..
They. found. that. based. on. the. unit. weight. of. the. actual. amount. of. asiaticoside. present.
in.the.specimens,.the.amount.of.asiaticoside.released.from.the.iber.mat.specimens.was.
lower. than. that. from. the. ilms,. while. based. on. the. unit. weight. of. the. specimens,. the.
opposite. trend. was. observed.
82
. Moreover,. Suwantong. et. al.. prepared. electrospon. cellu-
lose.acetate.(CA).iber.mats.loaded.asiaticoside..(AC).from.the.plant.cetella.asiatica.L..in.
the.form.of.either.pure.substance.(PAC).or.crude.extract.(CACE).
84
.The.amount.of.asia-
ticoside.in.the.form.of.either.PAC.or.CACE.was.ixed.at.40.wt%.based.on.the.weight.of.
CA..They.studied.the.potential.to.use.these.iber.mats.as.carriers.for.topical/transdermal.
delivery.of.AC.from.the.iber.mats.that.contain.either.PAC.or.CACE..Various.properties.
(i.e.,.morphological,.water.retention,.weight.loss,.and.cytotoxicity).of.these.iber.mats.and.
release.characteristics.of.AC.from.the.herb-loaded.CA.iber.mats.in.two.types.of.media.
(i.e.,.acetate.and.phosphate.buffer.solutions.containing.methanol).were.investigated,.and.
comparisons. were. made. against. the. corresponding. solvent-cast. CA. ilms.. They. found.
that. the. ibers. obtained. were. smooth. without. any. aggregates. on. surface,. and. the. aver-
age. diameter. ranged. between. 485. and. 545. nm.. Due. to. the. highly. porous. structure. of.
the.iber.mats,.the.amount.of.AC.released.from.the.iber.mats.was.also.higher.than.that.
from.the.ilms.in.both.types.of.release.assays.(i.e.,.the.total.immersion.and.the.transder-
mal. diffusion. through. pig. skin).. Moreover,. the. PAC-. and. CACE-loaded. CA. iber. mats.
and. the. corresponding. as-cast. ilms. were. assessed. by. investigating. the. cytotoxicity. of.
these.materials.against.normal.human.dermal.ibroblasts.for.use.as.topical/transdermal.
