Ergonomics as Significant Factor of Sustainable Production - Technology Management for Sustainable Production and Logistics - page 192

as also production running in shift working system (Hamrol et al. 2014 ). Among
of disadvantages of shift working system, as Siedlecka ( 2007 ) emphasized,
should be mentioned group intolerance effect toward shift system as an examples:
sleep disruptions, chronic fatigue, gastric-intestinal disturbances, psychoneurotic
disorders, heart-vascular problems, bigger alcohol, coffee, tranquillizers, sleeping
pills consumption.
Below presented case shows evaluation of shift working system by employees
as also their opinions correlation to real production output and effectiveness of
performed tasks.
3 Case Study
Companies responsibility for set up of proper working conditions for employees is
not only duty that comes from law regulations but also from psycho-social as also
organizational and operational needs. Work places creation minimally adjusted to
requirements referring to average employee is not sufficient to ensure effective-
ness and efficiency of technological processes. Attention concentration on human
as precious source of knowledge, abilities and job experience determine company
success. Proper diagnosis and analysis of employees needs is also important issue
in that aspect. Paying attention at employees as social group and organizing work
based on group analysis is not sufficient. Operational effectiveness can be work
out through analysis of abilities, limitations and needs of single operators already
on recruitment stage.
By analogy to ergonomics aspect should be interpreted widely beyond issue of
ergonomic work place physical creation. Significant is fact of work place adjust-
ment to employee anthropometric dimensions/ranges. Moreover proper para-
metrization of microclimate conditions is needed to minimize risk of occupational
illnesses. These aspects determine minimal work place requirements, necessary
to fulfill excellently, but not only the ones. Additionally working time, working
methods, as also applied working systems should be emphasized while taking into
consideration ergonomic working conditions. One of popular working systems
especially for medium or high series production is shift working system with three
shifts working system on top.
Three shifts working system secure operational comfort in companies. It
allows producing bigger production series in comparison to one shift production.
Additionally it creates bigger flexibility for companies and possibility for quicker
reaction on customer requirements changes and being competitive on market of
progressive technology. Unfortunately that system has parallel also many limita-
tions directly influencing on employees quality of life. Work in three shifts system
disturb employees day and night rhythm (biorhythm), often has negative impact on
health and many times cause problems in social life. Time flexibility in three shifts
working system is quite limited and requires private life and issues related adjust-
ment to operational life.