Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
Figure 10.9 TEM images of CNTs prepared through solvothermal pyrolysis of (a)
polypropylene and maleated polypropylene with Ni catalyst at 700
C; (b) tetrahydrofuran in
the presence of Ni powders at 600
C; (c) ferrocene in the presence of sulfur at 200
C, the
inset is a HRTEM image of individual amorphous CNTs; (d) Fe
2
O
3
nanoplates between two
carbon films synthesized by pyrolyzing ferrocene and sodium oxalate at 600
C.
Source: Photographs courtesy of Prof. Y.T. Qian.
organic compounds
[63]
. The organic compounds decompose into various C
H
fluids (it is also popular as solvothermal pyrolysis, since the organic compounds
decompose at high temperatures); the main components are CO, OH, CO
2
,andC
1
H
x
radicals. It is very well known that these fluids play a significant role in creating a
highly reducing environment in the system and also assist in the dissociation of sili-
con carbide and precipitation of the carbon phase.
Figure 10.9
shows TEM images of
CNTs prepared through solvothermal pyrolysis. Using such solvothermal pyrolysis,
CNTs with outer diameters of
O
50 nm were prepared from ethanol at 550
Cwith
NiO and Co
2
O
3
as catalysts
[75]
, from the pyrolysis of polypropylene and maleated
polypropylene in the presence of Ni catalyst at 700
C
[76]
. Carbon rods and fibers
using microsized catalyst particles were produced through the pyrolysis of
B
