Nanoaerosols in the Atmosphere - The Atmosphere and Ionosphere - page 133

R 1 r * R 2 R 3

a

r

DISTANCE FROM CENTER

Fig. 3.15 Same as in Fig. 3.13 . The energy is positive, E > 0. The ions with L<L.r / reach the
particle surface

Now the energy E 0 .E/ depends on E

R 2 j U.R/ j r 2

j U.r / j

E 0 .E/ D

R 2 r 2

C

3.6.1.3 Repulsion Singular Attraction

An example is the Coulomb repulsion C image potential (always attractive).
Figure 3.15 explains what is happening. In this case the ions can reach the particle