Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
season than 'Delicious' and is generally suited to rather warmer climates than
'Delicious' or, especially, 'Golden Delicious'. The fruits of 'Fuji' can be stored
successfully for
months (
days) in controlled atmosphere storage or for
◦
C in low pressure storage (Yoshida
et al
.,
). In Japan 'Fuji'
is picked after watercore develops in the flesh since Japanese consumers enjoy
the flavour of watercored apples. 'Fuji' foliage is susceptible to Alternaria spot
(
Alternaria mali
), apple scab and fire blight.
'Granny Smith' was raised from chance seeds thought to be from an open-
pollinated French Crab tree in Australia and fruited in
months at
. The fruits are of
medium size, round-conical in shape and with a bright green ground colour
becoming greenish-yellow at maturity. The fruit flesh is firm, rather coarse-
textured, subacid and refreshing. It requires a long growing season. It is the
leading apple in South Africa and is important in other southern hemisphere
exporting countries, and is also planted in southern Europe and in Washington
State and California in the USA. It cannot be grown successfully in the United
Kingdom or other northern European countries. Although it requires a warm
and long growing season it has a high winter-chilling requirement so is un-
suited to regions with very mild winters. 'Granny Smith' apples have outstand-
ing storage potential. Under conditions where (Red) 'Delicious' and 'Golden
Delicious' will keep for
months 'Granny Smith' will keep for
months (van
der Merwe,
b). 'Granny Smith' is moderately resistant to cedar apple
rust, susceptible to apple scab and very susceptible to fire blight and powdery
mildew.
'Jonagold' is the product of a cross between 'Golden Delicious' and
'Jonathan' in
at Geneva, NY, USA. It was introduced in
. The fruits
are large (
% of the surface and
a yellow ground colour. The fruit flesh is firm, subacid and juicy with excellent
quality both for eating and processing. The trees are similar to those of 'Golden
Delicious' but rather more spreading. In England it flowers two days before
'Golden Delicious' and is harvested about a week earlier. It is a triploid and
so cannot be used to pollinate other cultivars. Its intrinsically large fruits and
early ripening (compared with 'Delicious', 'Fuji' and 'Granny Smith') enable
it to be grown successfully in relatively cool apple producing areas like those of
northern Europe. Several sports of 'Jonagold' with a greater extent and depth
of red skin colour (e.g. 'Jonagored', 'Jonica' and 'Jored') have been selected.
The fruits keep well in storage for about
mm diameter), with red striping over
-
months (ASHS,
)or
weeks
in
.
% oxygen (Stow,
). It is susceptible to apple scab, powdery mildew
and fire blight.
'Gala' originated in New Zealand in about
from a cross between
'Kidd's Orange Red' and 'Golden Delicious'. It was introduced in
.The
fruits are of medium size (
mm diameter) with pale yellow to golden-yellow
glossyskinheavilystripedwithred.Itdoesnotbruiseeasilyandisgenerallyfree
