Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
from skin blemishes and russet. The flesh is creamy yellow, firm, fine-textured,
crisp, juicy, fairly sweet and with low acidity and with a good aromatic flavour.
The trees are moderately vigorous, upright, fairly wide-spreading and with a
spur-bearing habit similar to 'Delicious'. In England it flowers two days after
'Cox's Orange Pippin' and is harvested about a week later, in early October. In
Brazil it flowers at about the same time as 'Golden Delicious' but is harvested
about three weeks earlier (Bernardi,
). It can be grown successfully in
most of the world's major apple growing areas, including western Europe,
WashingtonStateandtheOkanaganValleyofBritishColumbiaaswellasNew
Zealand, although its tendency to produce small fruits is a problem in some
climates. A number of 'sports' have been selected, especially for an increase
in the proportion of red-coloured skin. 'Royal Gala', introduced by Dr D.W.
McKenzie in New Zealand in
, was discovered as a bud-mutation in New
Zealand in
and is much redder than the parent type, with bright scarlet
stripes over a golden-yellow ground colour. 'Gala' cannot be stored for as long
as'Delicious'or'GoldenDelicious'(Combrink,
)buthasbetterstoragelife
and a longer shelf life after removal from storage than 'Cox's Orange Pippin'
(ASHS,
). The mutant 'Imperial Gala' shows better budbreak than 'Royal
Gala' under marginal chilling conditions.
'Idared' was raised in Moscow, Idaho by Leif Verner, being selected in
as a cross between 'Jonathan' and 'Wagener' and released in
. The fruits
are large (
mm diameter). The skin is almost solid red over a pale greenish-
yellow, becoming yellow, ground colour. The flesh is white, tinged with green,
firm, crisp, fine-textured, juicy and sweet. The trees are strong, vigorous and
upright. In England they flower four days before 'Cox's Orange Pippin' (and
five days before 'Golden Delicious') and are harvested in early October, i.e.
after 'Cox's Orange Pippin' but before 'Golden Delicious' (Bultitude,
).
'Idared' is the predominant apple cultivar in Poland and accounted for
%
of the total Polish apple yield in
). It has a very long
storage life. 'Idared' is susceptible to apple scab, cedar apple rust and powdery
mildew and very susceptible to fire blight.
'Jonathan' originated in New York State, USA and was first described in
(Florkowski
et al
.,
mm diameter) with a pale greenish-
white ground colour which becomes pale yellow and is flushed bright crimson
over half to three quarters of its surface in scattered broken red stripes. The
flesh is white with a greenish tinge, soft, fine-textured and sweet. The trees
are weak and semi-weeping and produce spurs freely. Flowering is one day
before 'Cox's Orange Pippin' and harvesting about a week later. There are
a number of sports with a higher proportion of red-coloured skin, notably
'Jonared', introduced in
. The fruits are of medium size (
following its discovery as a bud-mutation in
;
'Blackjon', a bud-mutation of 'Jonathan' selected in
and introduced in
which has earlier colouring and brighter red skin than 'Jonathan' but is
