Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Fig. 3.1
TEM image of (
a
) bare and (
b
) polymer-coated monodisperse iron oxide nanocrystals
(
arrows
show the coating materials) (Adapted from [
16
])
same concentration of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (see Fig.
3.1
) are
illustrated in Fig.
3.2
. From these results, one can conclude that the preferred route,
against nanoparticles, that an individual cell takes constitutes a mapping response
just like “
fingerprinting
” of the humans [
18
].
3.2 NPs Circulation Inside the Body
The fate of NPs inside the body is a major question for safe and efficient application
of any nanomaterial in medicine. For many NPs while removal from the blood-
stream is a question of minutes, interaction with cells of distant organs may be
relevant hours or days after exposure, which results in the failure of that NP for
clinical application. The composition of protein corona significantly affects the fate
of NPs inside the body. In general, adsorption of opsonins such as fibrinogen, IgG,
and complement factor encourages phagocytosis and removal of NPs form the
bloodstream. Adsorption of dysopsonins (such as HSA and apolipoproteins)
