An Introduction to Java and Program Design - Java Programming: Comprehensive Concepts and Techniques - page 18

Figure 1-14 shows a flowchart that represents the algorithm used by the
getShipping() method to calculate the correct shipping charge. The flowchart
includes a control structure , which is a portion of a program that allows the
programmer to specify that code will be executed only if a condition is met. The
control structure in the flowchart, for instance, illustrates how the program
decides which shipping rate to use based on the total shipment weight. The
breakdown of control structures into sequence, selection, and repetition control
structures is explained in detail in Appendix A.

terminal symbol
indicates beginning

g e tShipping()
Method

Begin

input/output
symbol

Get Weight
in Ounces

annotation
symbol

decision symbol

Yes No

Ounces > 16?

control
structure

Shipping = 12.95 +
((Ounces-16) ? .30)

process
symbol

Shipping = 12.95

flowline symbol

terminal symbol
indicates end

End

FIGURE 1-14

PSEUDOCODE Some programmers use pseudocode to list the actions a
computer should perform and to assist in developing the program logic.
Pseudocode expresses computer actions using keywords and depicts logical
groupings or structures using indentation. Figure 1-15 shows the pseudocode for
the getShipping() method of the Shipment object. The pseudocode is not pro-
gram code but an English representation of how the code should be written. The
pseudocode serves as an intermediary between the requirements and the final
program code.