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commercially available. These probes can be used for various fluorescence-
based detection methods: from whole-body tomography to endoscopic im-
aging using miniaturized cameras. These “sensing” probes deliver high pay-
loads of fluorophores and have long circulation times
in vivo
, allowing
detection of target enzymes over extended periods while keeping the overall
dose of the imaging probe low. Their use
in vivo
will include more extensive
preclinical applications in investigating responses to experimental therapy
and probing the tissue microenvironment. The future will inevitably bring
development of more efficient “activatable” probes with optimized
enzyme-sensing properties, biocompatibility, and lack of immunogenicity
and toxicity. Together with new optical imaging methods such as FL and
optoacoustic readout, the ease and precision of differentiating between
diseased and normal tissue
in vivo
should lead to a greater understanding
of human disease and better methodologies for early diagnosis.
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