Introduction - Modeling, Design, and Optimization of Net-Zero Energy Buildings - page 6

and ventilating systems, and the building envelope in the different design
stages. Model resolution and complexity is a key issue addressed in this
book ( Chapter 2 ) and gaps in simulation are also discussed, particularly in
relation to four in-depth case studies ( Chapter 7 ).
1.2 Scope of this Topic
Chapter 2 discusses fundamental concepts, such as building thermal
dynamics and different modeling approaches, design strategies (passive
solar and energy efficiency measures), and technologies (renewable energy
systems, heating and cooling technologies, and thermal storage) required
to achieve net-zero energy in buildings. Because net-zero energy is an
ambitious goal, the combination of systems and their integration is
fundamentally important from the start of the design process to detailed
design and building operation. This chapter discusses not only the
individual technologies, but also effective integration strategies. It provides
links to the application case studies that further exemplify the modeling
techniques and technologies presented in the chapter.
Chapter 3 focuses on comfort considerations and models for different
climates. Thermal comfort models are discussed, together with visual and
acousticcomfort,aswellasindoorairquality. Becauseofthehighlyefficient
building envelopes in Net ZEBs, greater reliance on passive approaches,
and a general trend toward higher glazing areas, comfort is particularly
important for Net ZEBs. For example, in Net ZEBs with hybrid/natural
ventilation systems there is a strong link between visual, thermal, and
acoustic comfort.
Chapter 4 discusses different design processes and tools to support the
design of Net ZEBs. Unlike other types of high-performance buildings, the
net-zero energy target necessarily requires a high degree of accuracy in
performance predictions, an integrated design process, and a combination
of energy efficiency measures and renewable energy technologies. This
chapter demonstrates the value of building performance simulation in
design from conception to detailed design by providing accurate predictions
for energy performance.
Chapter 5 presents different approaches, techniques, and considerations for
Net ZEB optimization, including cost minimization and comfort. Examples
from different countries, such as Finland and Italy, are presented.