Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 6.12
Technical results of the electrical network
TCOPF
Base load
Peak load
Load factor
Slack
Losses
case
(MW
el
)
(MW
el
)
(%)
(MWh
el
)
(MWh
el
)
1
1.28
5.79
55.76
77.52
2.37
2
1.48
5.27
64.76
81.86
2.53
3
1.89
5.06
67.61
82.10
2.48
4
1.97
5.19
65.74
81.84
2.22
5
2.13
4.95
61.94
73.57
1.85
6
1.16
4.68
58.53
65.69
1.49
7
1.18
4.88
56.14
65.69
1.49
Table 6.13
Economic results of the electrical network
TCOPF
Fuel
Energy
Minimum LMC
Maximum LMC
case
cost (£)
cost (£)
at node 4 (£/MWh)
at node 4 (£/MWh)
1
965.44
6178.93
12.31
13.39
2
1020.36
6326.50
12.45
13.33
3
1022.13
6118.09
12.53
13.32
4
1018.53
6289.79
12.47
13.25
5
912.90
5597.66
12.51
13.19
6
811.80
4863.17
12.28
13.12
7
811.87
4857.85
12.28
13.17
the technical and economic network results for all the case studies conducted for the
electric counterpart.
The following conclusions can be drawn from the technical results:
As expected, for most cases PHEV load will increase the base load seen from the
supply point, although cases 6 and 7 due to the given spot market prices actually
have a lower base load than case 1;
●
The peak load decreases for all the operating strategies evaluated, proving that
the proposed coordination of embedded technologies in this work addresses a
key concern of grid operators; this peak reduction is more evident in cases 6 and
7 when micro-CHP and V2G power injections are stimulated due to high prices
of electricity;
●
The load factor of the network is enhanced for all the optimisation cases, indi-
cating that a better utilisation of the infrastructure is achieved even when smart
operating strategies are not applied, such as the scenario portrayed in cases 2
and 3;
●
The manner in which DER technologies operate can seriously impact the energy
provided from the supply point, as cases 2-4 demand more energy from the grid
while cases 5-7 reduce the amount requested from the supply point;
●
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